{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T13:58:56Z","timestamp":1790776736254,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640044800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012441","name":"Institut National de Physique Nucl\u00e9aire et de Physique des Particules","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012441","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015723","name":"Universit\u00e9 Clermont-Auvergne","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015723","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    We develop a site-bond percolation model, called\n                    <jats:italic>PERCOVID<\/jats:italic>\n                    , in order to describe the time evolution of all epidemics propagating through respiratory tract or by skin contacts in human populations. This model is based on a network of social relationships representing interconnected households experiencing governmental non-pharmaceutical interventions. As a very first testing ground, we apply our model to the understanding of the dynamics of the COVID-19 pandemic in France from December 2019 up to December 2021. Our model shows the impact of lockdowns and curfews, as well as the influence of the progressive vaccination campaign in order to keep\n                    <jats:italic>COVID-19<\/jats:italic>\n                    pandemic under the percolation threshold. We illustrate the role played by social interactions by comparing two typical scenarios with low or high strengths of social relationships as compared to France during the first wave in March 2020. We investigate finally the role played by the \u03b1 and \u03b4 variants in the evolution of the epidemic in France till autumn 2021, paying particular attention to the essential role played by the vaccination. Our model predicts that the rise of the epidemic observed in July and August 2021 would not result in a new major epidemic wave in France.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-03812-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T06:03:53Z","timestamp":1640066633000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Highlighting the impact of social relationships on the propagation of respiratory viruses using percolation theory"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Jean-Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Mathiot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Gerbaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Breton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"3812_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30567-5","volume":"395","author":"RM Anderson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Anderson, R. M., Heesterbeek, H., Klinkenberg, D. & Hollingsworth, T. D. How will country-based mitigation measures influence the course of the COVID-19 epidemic?. Lancet 395, 931\u2013934 (2020).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"3812_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2021830118","author":"DA Edward","year":"2021","unstructured":"Edward, D. A. et al. Exhaled aerosol increases with COVID-19 infection, age, and obesity. PNAS https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2021830118 (2021).","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"3812_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2011802117","author":"MSY Laua","year":"2020","unstructured":"Laua, M. S. Y. et al. Characterizing superspreading events and age-specific infectiousness of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in Georgia, USA. 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