{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T23:22:54Z","timestamp":1774567374088,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]],"date-time":"2021-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611187200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]],"date-time":"2021-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective\u00a0of this study was to investigate whether the BC tumor biology in women with larger breast volume, in obese women and especially in women with central adiposity at the moment of diagnosis of BC is more aggressive than in those women without these characteristics. 347 pre- and postmenopausal women with a recent diagnosis of BC\u00a0were analyzed. In all patients, anthropometric measurements at the time of diagnosis was collected. In 103 of them, the breast volume was measured by the Archimedes method. The Breast volume, BMI, WHR and the menopausal status were related to different well-known pathological prognostic factors for BC. At the time of diagnosis, 35.4% were obese (BMI\u2009&gt;\u200930\u00a0kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), 60.2% had a WHR\u2009\u2265\u20090.85, 68.8% were postmenopausal and 44.7% had a breast volume considered \"large\" (&gt;\u2009600\u00a0cc). Between patients with a large breast volume, only a higher prevalence of ER (+) tumors was found (95.3% vs. 77.2%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04) compared to those with small breast volumes. The obese BC patients showed significantly higher rates of large tumors (45.5% vs. 40.6%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04), axillary invasion (53.6% vs. 38.8%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04), undifferentiated tumors (38.2% vs. 23.2%) and unfavorable NPI (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04) than non-obese women. Those with WHR\u2009\u2265\u20090.85 presented higher postsurgical tumor stages (61.7% vs. 57.8%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03), higher axillary invasion (39.9% vs. 36.0%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004), more undifferentiated tumors (30.0% vs. 22.3%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009), higher lymphovascular infiltration (6.5% vs. 1.6%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02), and a higher NPI (3.6\u2009\u00b1\u20091.8 vs. 3.2\u2009\u00b1\u20091.8; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04). No statistically significant differences were found according to menopausal status. We conclude that obesity, but especially central obesity can be associated with a more aggressive tumour phenotype. No relation between breast volume and tumoral prognostic factors was found, except for a higher proportion of ER (+) tumor in women with higher breast volume.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-81436-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]],"date-time":"2021-01-21T11:03:39Z","timestamp":1611227019000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Relationship of breast volume, obesity and central obesity with different prognostic factors of breast cancer"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8861-1751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel Mar\u00eda","family":"Lubi\u00e1n L\u00f3pez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3559-5812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen Aisha","family":"Butr\u00f3n Hinojo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4380-5621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Castillo Lara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7366-0446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Prieto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6583-7440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Borrego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1653-2509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Mendoza Ladr\u00f3n de Guevara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7106-092X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ernesto","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez Mesa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"81436_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.20315","volume":"111","author":"PH Lahmann","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lahmann, P. H. et al. Body size and breast cancer risk: findings from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Int. J. Cancer 111, 762\u2013771 (2004).","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"81436_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.10209","volume":"98","author":"Y Cui","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cui, Y., Whiteman, M. K. & Glaws, J. A. Body mass index and stage of breast cancer at diagnosis. Int. J. Cancer 98, 279\u2013283 (2002).","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"81436_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2931","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.22236","volume":"119","author":"D Han","year":"2006","unstructured":"Han, D. et al. Lifetime adult weight gain, central adiposity, and the risk of pre- and postmenopausal breast cancer in the Western New York exposures and breast cancer study. Int. J. Cancer 119, 2931\u20132937 (2006).","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"81436_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2006.00261.x","volume":"7","author":"AR Carmichael","year":"2006","unstructured":"Carmichael, A. R. Obesity and prognosis of breast cancer. Obes. Rev. 7, 333\u2013340 (2006).","journal-title":"Obes. Rev."},{"key":"81436_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.breast.2003.03.001","volume":"13","author":"AR Carmichael","year":"2004","unstructured":"Carmichael, A. R. & Bates, T. Obesity and breast cancer: a review of the literature. Breast 13, 85\u201392 (2004).","journal-title":"Breast"},{"key":"81436_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1686","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-05-0042","volume":"14","author":"S Loi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Loi, S. et al. Obesity and outcomes in premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev. 14, 1686\u20131691 (2005).","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev."},{"key":"81436_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-010-0990-0","volume":"123","author":"M Protani","year":"2010","unstructured":"Protani, M., Coory, M. & Martin, J. H. Effect of obesity on survival of women with breast cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 123, 627\u2013635 (2010).","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res. Treat."},{"key":"81436_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015288615472","volume":"13","author":"JM Petrelli","year":"2002","unstructured":"Petrelli, J. M., Calle, E. E., Rodriguez, C. & Thun, M. J. Body mass index, height, and postmenopausal breast cancer mortality in a prospective cohort of US women. Cancer Causes Control 13, 325\u2013332 (2002).","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"81436_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.breast.2008.09.001","volume":"18","author":"RL Pinheiro","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pinheiro, R. L., Sarian, L. O., Pinto-Neto, A. M., Morais, S. & Costa-Paiva, L. Relationship between body mass index, waist circumference and waist to hip ratio and the steroid hormone receptor status in breast carcinoma of pre- and postmenopausal women. Breast 18, 8\u201312 (2009).","journal-title":"Breast"},{"key":"81436_CR10","first-page":"681","volume":"9","author":"SM Enger","year":"2000","unstructured":"Enger, S. M., Ross, R. K., Paganini-Hill, A., Carpenter, C. L. & Bernstein, L. Body size, physical activity, and breast cancer hormone receptor status: results from two case-control studies. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev. 9, 681\u2013687 (2000).","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev."},{"key":"81436_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.23943","volume":"124","author":"R Suzuki","year":"2009","unstructured":"Suzuki, R., Orsini, N., Saji, S., Key, T. J. & Wolk, A. Body weight and incidence of breast cancer defined by estrogen and progesterone receptor status\u2014a meta-analysis. Int. J. Cancer 124, 698\u2013712 (2009).","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"81436_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clon.2010.02.001","volume":"22","author":"LA Healy","year":"2010","unstructured":"Healy, L. A. et al. Metabolic syndrome, central obesity and insulin resistance are associated with adverse pathological features in postmenopausal breast cancer. Clin. Oncol. (R. Coll. Radiol.) 22, 281\u2013288 (2010).","journal-title":"Clin. Oncol. (R. Coll. Radiol.)"},{"key":"81436_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwh313","volume":"160","author":"KB Baumgartner","year":"2004","unstructured":"Baumgartner, K. B. et al. Association of body composition and weight history with breast cancer prognostic markers: divergent pattern for Hispanic and non-Hispanic White women. Am. J. Epidemiol. 160, 1087\u20131097 (2004).","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"81436_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1467-789X.2003.00108.x","volume":"4","author":"M Harvie","year":"2003","unstructured":"Harvie, M., Hooper, L. & Howell, A. H. Central obesity and breast cancer risk: a systematic review. Obes. Rev. 4, 157\u2013173 (2003).","journal-title":"Obes. Rev."},{"key":"81436_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwg236","volume":"158","author":"MJ Borugian","year":"2003","unstructured":"Borugian, M. J. et al. Waist-to-hip ratio and breast cancer mortality. Am. J. Epidemiol. 158, 963\u2013968 (2003).","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"81436_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.1.1999.8.1265","volume":"8","author":"H Jernstrom","year":"1999","unstructured":"Jernstrom, H. & Barrett-Connor, E. Obesity, weight change, fasting insulin, proinsulin, C-peptide, and insulin-like growth factor-1 levels in women with and without breast cancer: the Rancho Bernardo Study. J. Womens Health Gend. Based Med. 8, 1265\u20131272 (1999).","journal-title":"J. Womens Health Gend. Based Med."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"81436_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/12.suppl_1.21","volume":"12","author":"P Bjorntorp","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bjorntorp, P. Hormonal control of regional fat distribution. Hum. Reprod. 12(Suppl 1), 21\u201325 (1997).","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"81436_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0800433","volume":"21","author":"M Hollmann","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hollmann, M., Runnebaum, B. & Gerhard, I. Impact of waisthip-ratio and body-mass-index on hormonal and metabolic parameters in young, obese women. Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. 21, 476\u2013483 (1997).","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord."},{"key":"81436_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2002.20.1.42","volume":"20","author":"PJ Goodwin","year":"2002","unstructured":"Goodwin, P. J. et al. Fasting insulin and outcome in early-stage breast cancer: results of a prospective cohort study. J. Clin. Oncol. 20, 42\u201351 (2002).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"81436_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910520402","volume":"52","author":"PF Bruning","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bruning, P. F. et al. Insulin resistance and breastcancer risk. Int. J. Cancer 52, 511\u2013516 (1992).","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"81436_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005831013718","volume":"47","author":"ME Del Giudice","year":"1998","unstructured":"Del Giudice, M. E. et al. Insulin and related factors in premenopausal breast cancer risk. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 47, 111\u2013120 (1998).","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res. Treat."},{"key":"81436_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7800-5-16","volume":"5","author":"C Sellahewa","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sellahewa, C., Nightingale, P. & Carmichael, A. R. Women with large breasts are at an increased risk of advanced breast cancer. Int. Semin. Surg. Oncol. 5, 16 (2008).","journal-title":"Int. Semin. Surg. Oncol."},{"key":"81436_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-5379(91)90469-T","volume":"27","author":"CC Hsieh","year":"1991","unstructured":"Hsieh, C. C. & Trichopoulos, D. Breast size, handedness and breast cancer risk. Eur. J. Cancer 27, 131\u2013135 (1991).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"key":"81436_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19990702)82:1<23::AID-IJC5>3.0.CO;2-E","volume":"82","author":"HI Hall","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hall, H. I. et al. Stage of breast c\u00e1ncer in relation to body mass index and bra cup size. Int. J. Cancer 82, 23\u201327 (1999).","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"81436_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.1989.tb01479.x","volume":"59","author":"DM Ingram","year":"1989","unstructured":"Ingram, D. M., Huang, H. Y., Catchpole, B. N. & Roberts, A. Do big breasts disadvantage women with breast cancer?. Aust. N. Z. J. Surg. 59, 115\u2013117 (1989).","journal-title":"Aust. N. Z. J. Surg."},{"key":"81436_CR26","first-page":"18","volume":"75","author":"AL Hoe","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hoe, A. L., Mullee, M. A., Royle, G. T., Guyer, P. B. & Taylor, I. Breast size and prognosis in early breast cancer. Ann. R. Coll. Surg. Engl. 75, 18\u201322 (1993).","journal-title":"Ann. R. Coll. Surg. Engl."},{"key":"81436_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-09-1005","volume":"19","author":"J Sung","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sung, J., Song, Y. M., Stone, J., Lee, K. & Kim, S. Y. Association of body size measurements and mammographic density in Korean women: the Healthy Twin study. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev. 19, 1523\u20131531 (2010).","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev."},{"key":"81436_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1375\/twin.13.5.450","volume":"13","author":"TD Wade","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wade, T. D., Zhu, G. & Martin, N. G. Body mass index and breast size in women: same or different genes?. Twin Res. Hum. Genet. 13, 450\u2013454 (2010).","journal-title":"Twin Res. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"81436_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009153","volume":"145","author":"Jernstro\u00a8m H, Olsson H,","year":"1997","unstructured":"Jernstro\u00a8m H, Olsson H, ,. Breast size in relation to endogenous hormone levels, body constitution, and oral contraceptive use in healthy nulligravid women aged 19\u201325 years. Am. J. Epidemiol. 145, 571\u2013580 (1997).","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"81436_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.071086","volume":"178","author":"JG Ray","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ray, J. G., Mohllajee, A. P., van Dam, R. M. & Michels, K. B. Breast size and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. CMAJ 178, 289\u2013295 (2008).","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"81436_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-010-0960-2","volume":"137","author":"MG Schrauder","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schrauder, M. G. et al. Diabetes and prognosis in a breast cancer cohort. J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 137, 975\u2013983 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"81436_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2031","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.21588","volume":"118","author":"AS Kusano","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kusano, A. S. et al. A prospective study of breast size and premenopausal breast cancer incidence. Int. J. Cancer 118, 2031\u20132034 (2006).","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"81436_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ringberg, A., B\u00e5geman, E., Rose, C., Ingvar, C. & Jernstr\u00f6m, H. Of cup and bra size: reply to a prospective study of breast size and premenopausal breast cancer incidence. Int. J. Cancer 119, 2242\u20132243 (2006); Author reply 4.","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.22104"},{"key":"81436_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-198612000-00011","volume":"17","author":"JO Strombeck","year":"1986","unstructured":"Strombeck, J. O. & Malm, M. Priority grouping in a waiting list of patients for reduction mammaplasty. Ann. Plast. Surg. 17, 498\u2013502 (1986).","journal-title":"Ann. Plast. Surg."},{"key":"81436_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03540350075038","volume":"277","author":"Medical Association World","year":"1997","unstructured":"Medical Association World. Declaration of Helsinki: recommendations guiding physicians in biomedical research involving human subjects. JAMA 277, 925\u2013926 (1997).","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"81436_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6602389","volume":"92","author":"H Jernstrom","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jernstrom, H., Sandberg, T., Bageman, E., Borg, A. & \u00b0, Olsson H, ,. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) genotype predicts breast volume after pregnancy and hormonal contraception and is associated with circulating IGF-1 levels: implications for risk of early-onset breast cancer in young women from hereditary breast cancer families. Br. J. Cancer 92, 857\u2013866 (2005).","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"81436_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2536","volume":"8","author":"M Pollak","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pollak, M. Insulin and insulin-like growth factor signalling in neoplasia. Nat. Rev. Cancer 8, 915\u2013928 (2008).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"81436_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)10384-1","volume":"351","author":"SE Hankinson","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hankinson, S. E. et al. Circulating concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I and risk of breast cancer. Lancet 351, 1393\u20131396 (1998).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"81436_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S99","DOI":"10.1677\/erc.1.01005","volume":"12","author":"JM Gee","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gee, J. M. et al. Epidermal growth factor receptor\/HER2\/insulin-like growth factor receptor signalling and oestrogen receptor activity in clinical breast cancer. Endocr. Relat. Cancer 12(Suppl 1), S99\u2013S111 (2005).","journal-title":"Endocr. Relat. Cancer"},{"key":"81436_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(10)70095-4","volume":"11","author":"TJ Key","year":"2010","unstructured":"Key, T. J., Appleby, P. N., Reeves, G. K. & Roddam, A. W. Insulinlike growth factor 1 (IGF1), IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP3), and breast cancer risk: pooled individual data analysis of 17 prospective studies. Lancet Oncol. 11, 530\u2013542 (2010).","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"81436_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.3109\/09513599809024960","volume":"12","author":"BW Hartmann","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hartmann, B. W., Laml, T., Kirchengast, S., Albrecht, A. E. & Huber, J. C. Hormonal breast augmentation: prognostic relevance of insulin-like growth factor-I. Gynecol. Endocrinol. 12, 123\u2013127 (1998).","journal-title":"Gynecol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"81436_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-04-0706","volume":"14","author":"C Diorio","year":"2005","unstructured":"Diorio, C. et al. Insulin-like growth factor-I, IGF-binding protein-3, and mammographic breast density. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev. 14, 1065\u20131073 (2005).","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev."},{"key":"81436_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-09-1028","volume":"19","author":"SY Chiu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chiu, S. Y. et al. Effect of baseline breast density on breast cancer incidence, stage, mortality, and screening parameters: 25-year follow- up of a Swedish mammographic screening. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev. 19, 1219\u20131228 (2010).","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev."},{"key":"81436_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1097\/01.psy.0000151747.22904.d7","volume":"67","author":"SM van Anders","year":"2005","unstructured":"van Anders, S. M. & Hampson, E. Waist-to-hip ratio is positively associated with bioavailable testosterone but negatively associated with sexual desire in healthy premenopausal women. Psychosom. Med. 67, 246\u2013250 (2005).","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"81436_CR45","first-page":"581","volume":"11","author":"AN Peiris","year":"1987","unstructured":"Peiris, A. N., Struve, M. F. & Kissebah, A. H. Relationship of body fat distribution to the metabolic clearance of insulin in premenopausal women. Int. J. Obes. 11, 581\u2013589 (1987).","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes."},{"key":"81436_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1158\/1940-6207.CAPR-10-0381","volume":"4","author":"K Subbaramaiah","year":"2011","unstructured":"Subbaramaiah, K. et al. Obesity is associated with inflammation and elevated aromatase expression in the mouse mammary gland. Cancer Prev. Res. 4, 329\u2013346 (2011).","journal-title":"Cancer Prev. Res."},{"key":"81436_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-010-1224-1","volume":"126","author":"PJ Goodwin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Goodwin, P. J. et al. Evaluation of metformin in early breast cancer: a modification of the traditional paradigm for clinical testing of anti-cancer agents. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 126, 215\u2013220 (2011).","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res. Treat."},{"issue":"8","key":"81436_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-012-0008-9","volume":"23","author":"A Markkula","year":"2012","unstructured":"Markkula, A. et al. Given breast cancer, does breast size matter? Data from a prospective breast cancer cohort. Cancer Causes Control. 23(8), 1307\u20131316 (2012).","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-81436-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-81436-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-81436-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,3]],"date-time":"2022-12-03T02:27:23Z","timestamp":1670034443000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-81436-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["81436"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-81436-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 November 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 December 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 January 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1872"}}