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The impact of tailored interventions on population-level chlamydia prevalence is unknown. We aimed to assess the impact on overall chlamydia prevalence five years after the introduction of an intervention aimed at increasing self-efficacy, social norms, attitudes and intentions towards condom use (i.e., condom intervention), and an intervention aimed at increasing health goals and decreasing impulsiveness (i.e., impulsiveness intervention). A pair model, informed by longitudinal psychological and behavioural data of young heterosexuals visiting sexual health centers, with susceptible-infected-susceptible structure was developed. The intervention effect was defined as an increased proportion of each subgroup moving to the desired subgroup (i.e., lower risk subgroup). Interventions tailored to subgroup-specific characteristics, assuming differential intervention effects in each subgroup, more effectively reduced overall chlamydia prevalence compared to non-tailored interventions. The most effective intervention was the tailored condom intervention, which was assumed to result in a relative reduction in chlamydia prevalence of 18% versus 12% in the non-tailored scenario. Thus, it is important to assess multiple psychological and behavioural characteristics of individuals. Tailored interventions may be more successful in achieving risk-reducing behaviour, and consequently, reduce chlamydia prevalence more effectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-81675-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,25]],"date-time":"2021-01-25T11:06:41Z","timestamp":1611572801000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Modelling the impact of tailored behavioural interventions on chlamydia transmission"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Daphne A.","family":"van Wees","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chantal","family":"den Daas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mirjam E. 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