{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T19:58:06Z","timestamp":1784231886588,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,4]],"date-time":"2021-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612396800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,4]],"date-time":"2021-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Chan Zuckerberg Biohub"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The role of children in the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus has become a matter of urgent debate as societies in the US and abroad consider how to safely reopen schools. Small studies have suggested higher viral loads in young children. Here we present a multicenter investigation on over five thousand SARS-CoV-2 cases confirmed by real-time reverse transcription (RT) PCR assay. Notably, we found no discernable difference in amount of viral nucleic acid among young children and adults.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-81934-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,4]],"date-time":"2021-02-04T06:08:10Z","timestamp":1612418890000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 viral loads in young children do not differ significantly from those in older children and adults"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Sharline","family":"Madera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Crawford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Langelier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nam K.","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ed","family":"Thornborrow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steve","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph L.","family":"DeRisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"81934_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hoang A, Chorath K, Moreira A, et al. COVID-19 in 7780 pediatric patients: A systematic review. E Clinical Medicine. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eclinm.2020.100433.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2020.100433"},{"key":"81934_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rajmil, L. Role of children in the transmission of the COVID-19 pandemic: a rapid scoping review [published June 21, 2020]. BMJ Pediatrics. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjpo-2020-000722.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjpo-2020-000722"},{"key":"81934_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-020-01354-0","volume":"581","author":"S Mallapathy","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mallapathy, S. How do children spread the coronavirus? The science still isn\u2019t clear. Nature 581, 127\u2013128 (2020).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"9","key":"81934_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2020.3651","volume":"174","author":"T Heald-Sargent","year":"2020","unstructured":"Heald-Sargent, T. et al. Age-related differences in nasopharyngeal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) levels in patients with mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). JAMA Pediatr. 174(9), 902\u2013903 (2020).","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"key":"81934_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1234","author":"G Chamie","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chamie, G. et al. Community transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 disproportionately affects the latinx population during shelter-in -place in San Francisco. Clin. Infect. Dis. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1234. (2020).","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"81934_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0869-5","volume":"26","author":"X He","year":"2020","unstructured":"He, X. et al. Temporal dynamics in viral shedding and transmissibility of COVID-19. Nat. Med. 26, 672\u2013675 (2020).","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"81934_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30232-2","volume":"20","author":"Y Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu, Y. et al. Viral dynamics in mild and severe cases of COVID-19. Lancet Infect Dis. 20(6), 656\u2013657 (2020).","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-81934-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-81934-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-81934-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,2]],"date-time":"2022-12-02T22:09:38Z","timestamp":1670018978000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-81934-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,4]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["81934"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-81934-w","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2020.09.17.20192245","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 October 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 January 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 February 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Nam Tran is a consultant for Roche Diagnostics. UC Davis Health is a designated Roche Molecular Center of Excellence. All other authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"3044"}}