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This prospective cohort study was conducted at a single institution from July 2017 to February 2019 on women with breast cancer who underwent partial breast resection using patient-specific 3DP BSGs. Eighty-eight patients with invasive cancer were enrolled, of whom 1 patient had bilateral breast cancer. The mean size of the tumor long-axis on MRI before surgery was 2.8\u2009\u00b1\u20090.9\u00a0cm, and multiple tumors were observed in 34 patients. In 16 cases (18.0%), the resection margin was tumor-positive according to intraoperative frozen biopsy; all of these tumors were ductal carcinoma in situ and were re-excised intraoperatively. In 93.3% of the cases, the resection margin was tumor-free in the permanent pathology. The mean pathological tumor size was 1.7\u2009\u00b1\u20091.0\u00a0cm, and the mean distance from the tumor to the border was 1.5\u2009\u00b1\u20091.0\u00a0cm. This exploratory study showed that the tumor area on the MRI could be directly displayed on the breast when using a 3DP BSG for BCS, thereby allowing precise surgery and safe tumor removal.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Trial Registration<\/jats:italic> Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS) Identifier (No. KCT0002375, KCT0003043).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-81936-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,26]],"date-time":"2021-01-26T11:05:05Z","timestamp":1611659105000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Breast-conserving surgery with 3D-printed surgical guide: a single-center, prospective clinical study"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Zhen-Yu","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hee Jeong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jongwon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Il Yong","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jisun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saebyeol","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Byung Ho","family":"Son","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sei-Hyun","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hak Hee","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joon Beom","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jae Ho","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gyungyub","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Namkug","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"BeomSeok","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"81936_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa022152","volume":"347","author":"B Fisher","year":"2002","unstructured":"Fisher, B. et al. 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Zhen-Yu Wu has received a consulting fee from the Anymedi company. Hee Jeong Kim, Jongwon Lee, Il Yong Chung, Jisun Kim, Saebyeol Lee, Byung Ho Son, Sei-Hyun Ahn, Hak Hee Kim, Joon Beom Seo, Jae Ho Jeong and Gyungyub Gong declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"2252"}}