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Patients with advanced cancer and anorexia for\u2009\u2265\u20092\u00a0weeks with a score\u2009\u2264\u20094 (0\u201310 numeric rating scale (NRS) 0\u2009=\u2009no appetite, 10\u2009=\u2009best possible appetite) were recruited. Participants received megestrol 480\u00a0mg or dexamethasone 4\u00a0mg or placebo daily for up to 4\u00a0weeks. Primary outcomes were at day 7. Responders were defined as having a\u2009\u2265\u200925% improvement in NRS over baseline. There were 190 people randomised (megestrol acetate n\u2009=\u200961; dexamethasone n\u2009=\u200967, placebo n\u2009=\u200962). At week 1 (primary endpoint), 79\u00b73% in the megestrol group, 65\u00b75% in the dexamethasone group and 58\u00b75% in the placebo group (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.067) were responders. No differences in performance status or quality of life were reported. Treatment emergent adverse events were frequent (90\u00b74% of participants), and included altered mood and insomnia. Hyperglycemia and deep vein thromboses were more frequent when on dexamethasone than the other two arms. There was no difference in groups between the three arms, with no benefit seen over placebo with anorexia improving in all arms.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Trail registration: The trial was registered on 19\/08\/2008 with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12608000405314).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-82120-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]],"date-time":"2021-01-28T06:12:46Z","timestamp":1611814366000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["A randomised, double blind, placebo-controlled trial of megestrol acetate or dexamethasone in treating symptomatic anorexia in people with advanced cancer"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"David C.","family":"Currow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Glare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Louw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Belinda","family":"Fazekas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meera R.","family":"Agar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"82120_CR1","first-page":"76","volume-title":"Cachexia-Anorexia in Cancer Patients","author":"R Dunlop","year":"1996","unstructured":"Dunlop, R. 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