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This study investigated whether serum levels of TREM-1 and PGLYRP1 correlate with periodontitis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. A total of 154 non-smoking participants with RA (n\u2009=\u200955, F\/M: 41\/14), Beh\u00e7et\u00b4s disease (BD, n\u2009=\u200941, F\/M: 30\/11) and healthy controls (HC, n\u2009=\u200958, F\/M: 40\/18) were recruited. Serum and saliva were collected, the 28-joint disease activity score (DAS-28) was calculated and dental\/periodontal measurements were recorded. Serum TREM-1 and PGLYRP1 levels were measured by ELISA and salivary bacterial DNA counts by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. TREM-1 and PGLYRP1 levels were higher in RA (166.3\u2009\u00b1\u200994.3; 155.5\u2009\u00b1\u2009226.9\u00a0pg\/ml) than BD (102.3\u2009\u00b1\u200942.8; 52.5\u2009\u00b1\u200926.3\u00a0pg\/ml) and HCs (89.8\u2009\u00b1\u200955.7; 67.4\u2009\u00b1\u200937.3\u00a0pg\/ml) (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). In RA, periodontitis was associated with increased TREM-1 and PGLYRP1 levels (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), yet in patients under methotrexate TREM-1 levels were lower. TREM-1 correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, DAS-28 and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, whereas PGLYRP1 positively correlated with CRP. RA patients displayed 3.5-fold higher salivary bacterial DNA counts than HCs. Increased serum TREM-1 levels correlated with PGLYRP1, CRP and DAS-28-ESR in RA patients with periodontitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-82335-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]],"date-time":"2021-02-03T06:10:36Z","timestamp":1612332636000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Elevated serum TREM-1 is associated with periodontitis and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Nevsun","family":"Inanc","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gonca","family":"Mumcu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meryem","family":"Can","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meral","family":"Yay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelika","family":"Silbereisen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Manoil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haner","family":"Direskeneli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nagihan","family":"Bostanci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"82335_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4991","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.10.4991","volume":"164","author":"A Bouchon","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bouchon, A., Dietrich, J. & Colonna, M. 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