{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T22:55:36Z","timestamp":1793314536156,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,18]],"date-time":"2021-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,18]],"date-time":"2021-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Understanding the mortality impact of COVID-19 requires not only counting the dead, but analyzing how premature the deaths are. We calculate years of life lost (YLL) across 81 countries due to COVID-19 attributable deaths, and also conduct an analysis based on estimated excess deaths. We find that over 20.5 million years of life have been lost to COVID-19 globally. As of January 6, 2021, YLL in heavily affected countries are 2\u20139 times the average seasonal influenza; three quarters of the YLL result from deaths in ages below 75 and almost a third from deaths below 55; and men have lost 45% more life years than women. The results confirm the large mortality impact of COVID-19 among the elderly. They also call for heightened awareness in devising policies that protect vulnerable demographics losing the largest number of life-years.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-83040-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,20]],"date-time":"2021-02-20T07:04:13Z","timestamp":1613804653000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":180,"title":["Years of life lost to COVID-19 in 81 countries"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"H\u00e9ctor","family":"Pifarr\u00e9 i Arolas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrique","family":"Acosta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillem","family":"L\u00f3pez-Casasnovas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adeline","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catia","family":"Nicodemo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Riffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikko","family":"Myrskyl\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"83040_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abc3517","volume":"369","author":"H Salje","year":"2020","unstructured":"Salje, H. et al. Estimating the burden of SARS-CoV-2 in France. Science 369, 208\u2013211. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.abc3517 (2020).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"83040_CR2","unstructured":"Wu, J., McCann, A., Katz, J. & Peltier, E. 107,000 Missing Deaths: Tracking the True Toll of the Coronavirus Outbreak. The New York Times."},{"key":"83040_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e81","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30933-8","volume":"395","author":"DA Leon","year":"2020","unstructured":"Leon, D. A. et al. COVID-19: a need for real-time monitoring of weekly excess deaths. Lancet 395, e81. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30933-8 (2020).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"83040_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Riffe, T. & Acosta, E. 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GLC has had an unrestricted annual Grant from Novartis below six thousand euros for the last ten years (2010\u20132020). HPA, MM, AL, EA, and CN declare no conflicts of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"3504"}}