{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T03:32:26Z","timestamp":1793503946434,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]],"date-time":"2021-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615420800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]],"date-time":"2021-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Basic Research Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2013CB733800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013CB733800"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prominent vessel sign (PVS) on susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) is not displayed in all cases of acute ischemia. We aimed to investigate the factors associated with the presence of PVS in stroke patients. Consecutive ischemic stroke patients admitted within 24\u00a0h from symptom onset underwent emergency multimodal MRI at admission. Associated factors for the presence of PVS were analyzed using univariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression analyses. A total of 218 patients were enrolled. The occurrence rate of PVS was 55.5%. Univariate analyses showed significant differences between PVS-positive group and PVS-negative group in age, history of coronary heart disease, baseline NIHSS scores, total cholesterol, hemoglobin, anterior circulation infarct, large vessel occlusion, and cardioembolism. Multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that the independent factors associated with PVS were anterior circulation infarct (odds ratio [OR] 13.7; 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.5\u201353.3), large vessel occlusion (OR 123.3; 95% CI 33.7\u2013451.5), and cardioembolism (OR 5.6; 95% CI 2.1\u201315.3). Anterior circulation infarct, large vessel occlusion, and cardioembolism are independently associated with the presence of PVS on SWI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-84269-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]],"date-time":"2021-03-11T11:03:49Z","timestamp":1615460629000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Factors associated with prominent vessel sign on susceptibility-weighted imaging in acute ischemic stroke"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Hai-fei","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-qun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiang-xia","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pei-ning","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han-cheng","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ao-fei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng-yuan","family":"Man","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-jian","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"84269_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.20198","volume":"52","author":"EM Haacke","year":"2004","unstructured":"Haacke, E. M., Xu, Y., Cheng, Y. C. & Reichenbach, J. R. Susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI). Magn. Reson. Med. 52, 612\u2013618 (2004).","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Med."},{"key":"84269_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2008.04.022","volume":"64","author":"K Santhosh","year":"2009","unstructured":"Santhosh, K. et al. Susceptibility weighted imaging: a new tool in magnetic resonance imaging of stroke. Clin. Radiol. 64, 74\u201383 (2009).","journal-title":"Clin. Radiol."},{"key":"84269_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0131118","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0131118","volume":"10","author":"CY Chen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chen, C. Y., Chen, C. I., Tsai, F. Y., Tsai, P. H. & Chan, W. P. Prominent vessel sign on susceptibility-weighted imaging in acute stroke: prediction of infarct growth and clinical outcome. PLoS ONE 10, e0131118 (2015).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"84269_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060518799019","volume":"47","author":"J Liang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liang, J. et al. Susceptibility-weighted imaging in post-treatment evaluation in the early stage in patients with acute ischemic stroke. J. Int. Med. Res. 47, 196\u2013205 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Int. Med. Res."},{"key":"84269_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000133341.74387.96","volume":"35","author":"M Hermier","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hermier, M. & Nighoghossian, N. Contribution of susceptibility-weighted imaging to acute stroke assessment. Stroke 35, 1989\u20131994 (2004).","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"84269_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1778","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000226738.97426.6f","volume":"37","author":"BS Geisler","year":"2006","unstructured":"Geisler, B. S. et al. Blood-oxygen-level-dependent MRI allows metabolic description of tissue at risk in acute stroke patients. Stroke 37, 1778\u20131784 (2006).","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"84269_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2014.08.012","volume":"32","author":"S Xia","year":"2014","unstructured":"Xia, S. et al. Decreased oxygen saturation in asymmetrically prominent cortical veins in patients with cerebral ischemic stroke. Magn. Reson. Imaging 32, 1272\u20131276 (2014).","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"key":"84269_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-010-0733-2","volume":"52","author":"C Kesavadas","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kesavadas, C., Santhosh, K. & Thomas, B. Susceptibility weighted imaging in cerebral hypoperfusion-can we predict increased oxygen extraction fraction?. Neuroradiology 52, 1047\u20131054 (2010).","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"84269_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2015.12.020","volume":"85","author":"S Mundiyanapurath","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mundiyanapurath, S. et al. Cortical vessel sign on susceptibility weighted imaging reveals clinically relevant hypoperfusion in internal carotid artery stenosis. Eur. J. Radiol. 85, 534\u2013539 (2016).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Radiol."},{"key":"84269_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-012-2387-4","volume":"22","author":"HW Kao","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kao, H. W., Tsai, F. Y. & Hasso, A. N. Predicting stroke evolution: comparison of susceptibility-weighted MR imaging with MR perfusion. Eur Radiol 22, 1397\u20131403 (2012).","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"84269_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1159\/000488587","volume":"79","author":"Y Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang, Y. et al. Prominent hypointense vessel sign on susceptibility-weighted imaging is associated with clinical outcome in acute ischaemic stroke. Eur. Neurol. 79, 231\u2013239 (2018).","journal-title":"Eur. Neurol."},{"key":"84269_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0120801","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0120801","volume":"10","author":"J Mucke","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mucke, J. et al. Asymmetry of deep medullary veins on susceptibility weighted MRI in patients with acute MCA stroke is associated with poor outcome. PLoS ONE 10, e0120801 (2015).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"84269_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A5135","volume":"38","author":"X Zhang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhang, X. et al. Ipsilateral prominent thalamostriate vein on susceptibility-weighted imaging predicts poor outcome after intravenous thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. 38, 875\u2013881 (2017).","journal-title":"AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol."},{"key":"84269_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.4329\/wjr.v5.i4.156","volume":"5","author":"U Jensen-Kondering","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jensen-Kondering, U. & B\u00f6hm, R. Asymmetrically hypointense veins on T2*w imaging and susceptibility-weighted imaging in ischemic stroke. World J. Radiol. 5, 156\u2013165 (2013).","journal-title":"World J. Radiol."},{"key":"84269_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105072","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105072","volume":"29","author":"H Jiang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jiang, H. et al. Interactive effect of susceptibility-diffusion mismatch and recanalization status on clinical outcome in large vessel occlusion stroke. J. Stroke Cerebrovasc. Dis. 29, 105072 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Stroke Cerebrovasc. Dis."},{"key":"84269_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1760","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.02.025","volume":"25","author":"M Dejobert","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dejobert, M. et al. Susceptibility-diffusion mismatch in hyperacute stroke: Correlation with perfusion-diffusion mismatch and clinical outcome. J. Stroke Cerebrovasc. Dis. 25, 1760\u20131766 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Stroke Cerebrovasc. Dis."},{"key":"84269_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2017.05.023","volume":"26","author":"J Yu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yu, J., Wang, L., Li, Z., Wang, S. & Wang, G. Related factors of asymmetrical vein sign in acute middle cerebral artery stroke and correlation with clinical outcome. J. Stroke Cerebrovasc. Dis. 26, 2346\u20132353 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Stroke Cerebrovasc. Dis."},{"key":"84269_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2381","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-016-4593-y","volume":"27","author":"Y Luo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Luo, Y. et al. Increased susceptibility of asymmetrically prominent cortical veins correlates with misery perfusion in patients with occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. Eur. Radiol. 27, 2381\u20132390 (2017).","journal-title":"Eur. Radiol."},{"key":"84269_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1448","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2014.05.001","volume":"83","author":"RK Verma","year":"2014","unstructured":"Verma, R. K. et al. Leptomeningeal collateralization in acute ischemic stroke: Impact on prominent cortical veins in susceptibility-weighted imaging. Eur. J. Radiol. 83, 1448\u20131454 (2014).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Radiol."},{"key":"84269_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1159\/000367709","volume":"38","author":"MG Park","year":"2014","unstructured":"Park, M. G. et al. Multiple hypointense vessels on susceptibility-weighted imaging in acute ischemic stroke: Surrogate marker of oxygen extraction fraction in penumbra?. Cerebrovasc. Dis. 38, 254\u2013261 (2014).","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc. Dis."},{"key":"84269_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0132587","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0132587","volume":"10","author":"S Mundiyanapurath","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mundiyanapurath, S. et al. Posterior circulation acute stroke prognosis early computed tomography score using hypointense vessels on susceptibility weighted imaging independently predicts outcome in patients with basilar artery occlusion. PLoS ONE 10, e0132587 (2015).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"84269_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1159\/000151640","volume":"26","author":"N Morita","year":"2008","unstructured":"Morita, N. et al. Ischemic findings of T2*-weighted 3-tesla MRI in acute stroke patients. Cerebrovasc. Dis. 26, 367\u2013375 (2008).","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc. Dis."},{"key":"84269_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22276","volume":"32","author":"EM Haacke","year":"2010","unstructured":"Haacke, E. M., Tang, J., Neelavalli, J. & Cheng, Y. C. Susceptibility mapping as a means to visualize veins and quantify oxygen saturation. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 32, 663\u2013676 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"key":"84269_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.27907","volume":"83","author":"Y Ma","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ma, Y. et al. Cerebral OEF quantification: A comparison study between quantitative susceptibility mapping and dual-gas calibrated BOLD imaging. Magn. Reson. Med. 83, 68\u201382 (2020).","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Med."},{"key":"84269_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.27058","volume":"53","author":"S Vinayagamani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vinayagamani, S. et al. Quantitative susceptibility mapping: Technical considerations and clinical applications in neuroimaging. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 53, 23\u201337 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson. Imaging"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-84269-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-84269-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-84269-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,3]],"date-time":"2022-12-03T05:08:38Z","timestamp":1670044118000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-84269-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["84269"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-84269-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 May 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 February 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 March 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"5641"}}