{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T04:48:27Z","timestamp":1768193307151,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,26]],"date-time":"2021-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616716800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,26]],"date-time":"2021-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study was aimed to determine the effect of the amount of astigmatism on distance visual acuity, and to provide a prediction formula of visual acuity according to astigmatism, in a presbyopic population. We comprised 318 eyes of 318 consecutive patients (158 phakic and 160 pseudophakic subjects) without any eye diseases, except for refractive errors with astigmatism of 3 diopter or less. We assessed the relationship of the spherical equivalent visual acuity (SEVA) with astigmatism, and also provided a regression formula of visual acuity according to astigmatism in such subjects. We found a significant correlation between the SEVA and the amount of astigmatism (r\u2009=\u20090.715, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) in the entire study population. We obtained similar results, not only in phakic eyes (r\u2009=\u20090.718, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), but also in pseudophakic eyes (r\u2009=\u20090.717, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The regression formula was expressed as follows: y\u2009=\u20090.017x<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009+\u20090.125x \u2212 0.116 (R<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.544), where y\u2009=\u2009logMAR SEVA, and x\u2009=\u2009astigmatism. We also found no significant differences in the SEVA for matched comparison among the with-the-rule (WTR), against-the-rule (ATR), and oblique (OBL) astigmatism subgroups (p\u2009=\u20090.922). These regression formulas may be clinically beneficial not only for estimating the visual prognosis after astigmatic correction, but also for determining the surgical indication of astigmatic correction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-85313-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,26]],"date-time":"2021-03-26T11:03:37Z","timestamp":1616756617000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Prediction of distance visual acuity in presbyopic astigmatic subjects"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Rie","family":"Hoshikawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazutaka","family":"Kamiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fusako","family":"Fujimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nobuyuki","family":"Shoji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"85313_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(97)80155-1","volume":"23","author":"F Trindade","year":"1997","unstructured":"Trindade, F., Oliveira, A. & Frasson, M. 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