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In a tertiary care university hospital, we assessed the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients admitted to the intensive care unit for HAIs according to the presence of staphylococci (S-HAI) or their absence (nS-HAI) in peritoneal cultures. Patients with S-HAIs were compared to nS-HAIs patients. Overall, 380 patients were analyzed, including 87 (23%) S-HAI patients [29 <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> (Sa-HAIs) and 58 coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS-HAIs)]. The clinical characteristics did not differ between the S-HAI and nS-HAI patients. Adequacy of empirical anti-infective therapy was achieved less frequently in the staphylococci group (54 vs 72%, respectively, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). The 90-day (primary endpoint) and one-year mortality rates did not differ between these groups. The S-HAI patients had decreased rates of postoperative complication (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The adjusted analysis of the clinical outcomes reported a decreased frequency of surgical complications in the staphylococci group (OR 0.43, 95% CI [0.20\u20130.93], p\u2009=\u20090.03). While the trends toward decreased morbidity criteria were observed in S-HAI patients, the clinical outcomes were not different between the CoNS-HAI and Sa-HAI patients. In summary, our data are not substantial enough to conclude that staphylococci exhibit no pathogenicity in HAIs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-85443-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]],"date-time":"2021-03-15T11:03:41Z","timestamp":1615806221000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Epidemiology, clinical relevance and prognosis of staphylococci in hospital-acquired postoperative intra-abdominal infections: an observational study in intensive care unit"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"K\u00e9vin","family":"Boussion","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Zappella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Grall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lara","family":"Ribeiro-Parenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gr\u00e9gory","family":"Papin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Montravers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"85443_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.2717","volume":"323","author":"J-L Vincent","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vincent, J.-L. et al. 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