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We analysed a total of 3920\n                    <jats:italic>Anopheles<\/jats:italic>\n                    mosquitoes collected during the rainy and dry seasons from four ecological settings in Cambodia (villages, forested areas near villages, rubber tree plantations and forest sites). Using odor-baited traps, 81% of the total samples across all sites were collected in cow baited traps, although 67% of the samples attracted by human baited traps were collected in forest sites. Overall, 20% of collected\n                    <jats:italic>Anopheles<\/jats:italic>\n                    were active during the day, with increased day biting during the dry season. 3131 samples were identified morphologically as 14 different species, and a subset was also identified by DNA amplicon sequencing allowing determination of 29\n                    <jats:italic>Anopheles<\/jats:italic>\n                    species. The investigation of well characterized insecticide mutations (\n                    <jats:italic>ace-1, kdr,<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>rdl<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes) indicated that individuals carried mutations associated with response to all the different classes of insecticides. There also appeared to be a non-random association between mosquito species and insecticide resistance with\n                    <jats:italic>Anopheles peditaeniatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    exhibiting nearly fixed mutations. Molecular screening for\n                    <jats:italic>Plasmodium sp<\/jats:italic>\n                    . presence indicated that 3.6% of collected\n                    <jats:italic>Anopheles<\/jats:italic>\n                    were positive, most for\n                    <jats:italic>P. vivax<\/jats:italic>\n                    followed by\n                    <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                    . These results highlight some of the key mechanisms driving residual human malaria transmission in Cambodia, and illustrate the importance of diverse collection methods, sites and seasons to avoid bias and better characterize\n                    <jats:italic>Anopheles<\/jats:italic>\n                    mosquito ecology in Southeast Asia.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-85628-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,19]],"date-time":"2021-03-19T09:04:20Z","timestamp":1616144660000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Anopheles ecology, genetics and malaria transmission in northern Cambodia"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7945-961X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Am\u00e9lie","family":"Vantaux","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1042-1653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle M.","family":"Riehle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eakpor","family":"Piv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elise J.","family":"Farley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophy","family":"Chy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saorin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anneli G.","family":"Corbett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2999-6281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel L.","family":"Fehrman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8139-0578","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anais","family":"Pepey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8841-8177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karin","family":"Eiglmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dysoley","family":"Lek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sovannaroth","family":"Siv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivo","family":"Mueller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4336-312X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenneth D.","family":"Vernick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benoit","family":"Witkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"85628_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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