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We conducted an ecological analysis at regional scale of long-term exposure to air-borne particle matter and spread of Covid-19 cases during the first wave of epidemics. Global air pollution and climate data were calculated from satellite earth observation data assimilated into numerical models at 10\u00a0km resolution. Main outcome was defined as the cumulative number of cases of Covid-19 in the 14\u00a0days following the date when\u2009&gt;\u200910 cumulative cases were reported. Negative binomial\u00a0mixed effect models were applied to estimate the associations between the outcome and long-term exposure to air pollution at the regional level (PM<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>, PM<jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>), after adjusting for relevant regional and country level covariates and spatial correlation. In total we collected 237,749 Covid-19 cases from 730 regions, 63 countries and 5 continents at May 30, 2020. A 10\u00a0\u03bcg\/m<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>increase of pollution level was associated with 8.1% (95% CI 5.4%, 10.5%) and 11.5% (95% CI 7.8%, 14.9%) increases in the number of cases in a 14\u00a0days window, for PM<jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>and PM<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>respectively. We found an association between Covid-19 cases and air pollution suggestive of\u00a0a possible causal link among particulate matter levels and incidence of COVID-19.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-85751-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,18]],"date-time":"2021-03-18T16:47:41Z","timestamp":1616086061000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["A global association between Covid-19 cases and airborne particulate matter at regional level"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5281-7624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelo","family":"Solimini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1419-3734","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F.","family":"Filipponi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. 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