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Here, 91 stool samples from semicaptive bonobos and bonobos reintroduced in the wild, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, were screened for different infectious agents: viruses, bacteria and parasites. We showed the presence of potentially zoonotic viral, bacterial or parasitic agents in stool samples, sometimes coinfecting the same individuals. A high prevalence of <jats:italic>Human mastadenoviruses<\/jats:italic> (HAdV-C, HAdV-B, HAdV-E) was observed. Encephalomyocarditis viruses were identified in semicaptive bonobos, although identified genotypes were different from those identified in the previous fatal myocarditis epidemic at the same site in 2009. Non-<jats:italic>pallidum Treponema<\/jats:italic> spp<jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic> including symbiotic <jats:italic>T. succinifaciens<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>T. berlinense<\/jats:italic> and several potential new species with unknown pathogenicity were identified. We detected DNA of non-<jats:italic>tuberculosis Mycobacterium<\/jats:italic> spp., <jats:italic>Acinetobacter<\/jats:italic> spp., <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> spp. as well as pathogenic <jats:italic>Leptospira interrogans<\/jats:italic>. Zoonotic parasites such as <jats:italic>Taenia solium<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Strongyloides stercoralis<\/jats:italic> were predominantly present in wild bonobos, while <jats:italic>Giardia lamblia<\/jats:italic> was found only in bonobos in contact with humans, suggesting a possible exchange. One third of bonobos carried <jats:italic>Oesophagostomum<\/jats:italic> spp<jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic>, particularly zoonotic <jats:italic>O. stephanostomum<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>O. bifurcum<\/jats:italic>-like species, as well as other uncharacterized Nematoda. <jats:italic>Trypanosoma theileri<\/jats:italic> has been identified in semicaptive bonobos. Pathogens typically known to be transmitted sexually were not identified. We present here the results of a reasonably-sized screening study detecting DNA\/RNA sequence evidence of potentially pathogenic viruses and microorganisms in bonobo based on a noninvasive sampling method (feces) and focused PCR diagnostics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-85849-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,18]],"date-time":"2021-03-18T16:47:41Z","timestamp":1616086061000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Potential zoonotic pathogens hosted by endangered bonobos"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Hac\u00e8ne","family":"Medkour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergei","family":"Castaneda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inestin","family":"Amona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florence","family":"Fenollar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudine","family":"Andr\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rapha\u00ebl","family":"Belais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulin","family":"Mungongo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Jacques","family":"Muyemb\u00e9-Tamfum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Levasseur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Didier","family":"Raoult","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Davoust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oleg","family":"Mediannikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"85849_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1956","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61684-5","volume":"380","author":"SS Morse","year":"2012","unstructured":"Morse, S. 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