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Biofilm-forming ATCC\u00a035984, ATCC\u00a043300\u00a0and MRSE 287 were used in this study. The MICs of\u00a0SH and vancomycin against\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococci<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0were determined by the broth microdilution method. Six groups were designed, namely control group (bacteria cultured with medium), 1\/8MIC SH group (1MIC SH was diluted by 1\/8 using TSB or saline), 1\/4MIC SH group, 1\/2MIC SH group, 1MIC SH group and vancomycin group (bacteria cultured with 1MIC vancomycin). The inhibitory effect\u00a0on bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation were observed by\u00a0the spread plate method, CV\u00a0staining, SEM, and CLSM. Real-time PCR was performed to determine the effect of SH on the expression levels of\n                    <jats:italic>ica<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0AD\u00a0and\n                    <jats:italic>ica<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0R\u00a0gene in ATCC\u00a035984 during the biofilm formation. The\u00a0strains\u00a0were\u00a0found to be susceptible to SH and vancomycin with MIC\u00a0of 38.75\u00a0mg\/ml and\u00a02.5\u00a0\u03bcg\/ml, respectively.\u00a0SH with 1 MIC and 1\/2 MIC could inhibit the bacteria\u00a0adhesion, showing only scattered adhesion\u00a0from SEM.\u00a0CLSM showed that\u00a0SH with 1 MIC and 1\/2 MIC inhibited the biofilm formation. The quantitative results of the spread plate method and CV staining showed that there was significant differences between the SH groups (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Further, with an increase in SH concentration, the inhibitory effect became more obvious when compared with control group.\u00a0Among the groups, vancomycin had the strongest inhibitory effect on bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). With an increase in SH\u00a0concentration, the expression levels of\u00a0\n                    <jats:italic>ica<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0AD\u00a0decreased, and the expression of\n                    <jats:italic>ica<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0R\u00a0increased correspondingly (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). In conclusions, SH\u00a0can inhibit the biofilm formation of antibiotic-resistant\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococci<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Its probable mechanistic activity may be through the inhibition of polysaccharide intercellular adhesin synthesis by down-regulating the expression of\n                    <jats:italic>ica<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0AD\u00a0gene.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-86647-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,30]],"date-time":"2021-03-30T06:03:41Z","timestamp":1617084221000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Inhibitory properties of Chinese Herbal Formula SanHuang decoction on biofilm formation by antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcal strains"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Shaoe","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peizhao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaotao","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Honglue","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"86647_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2015.04.004","volume":"6","author":"RV Thakore","year":"2015","unstructured":"Thakore, R. 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