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In the present study we demonstrate for the first time that 1-methyl nicotinamide (MNA), a derivative of vitamin B<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>, significantly (1.6 to 1.9 times) prolonged survival of BALB\/c mice irradiated at LD<jats:sub>30\/30<\/jats:sub> (6.5\u00a0Gy), LD<jats:sub>50\/30<\/jats:sub> (7.0\u00a0Gy) or LD<jats:sub>80\/30<\/jats:sub> (7.5\u00a0Gy) of \u03b3-rays when the MNA administration started as late as 7\u00a0days post irradiation. A slightly less efficient and only after the highest dose (7.5\u00a0Gy) of \u03b3-rays was another vitamin B<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> derivative, 1-methyl-3-acetylpyridine (1,3-MAP) (1.4-fold prolonged survival). These pro-survival effects did not seem to be mediated by stimulation of haematopoiesis, but might\u00a0be related to anti-inflammatory and\/or anti-thrombotic properties of the vitamin B<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> derivatives. 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