{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T12:14:48Z","timestamp":1788524088480,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]],"date-time":"2021-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619481600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]],"date-time":"2021-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Charit\u00e9"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) alone in comparison to positron emission tomography\/ magnetic resonance imaging (PET\/MRI) in patients with meningiomas. 57 patients with a total of 112 meningiomas of the brain were included. PET\/MRI, including a fully diagnostic contrast enhanced MRI and PET, were acquired. PET\/MRI was used as reference standard. The size and location of meningiomas was recorded. Likelihood-ratio chi-square tests were used to calculate p-values within logistic regression in order to compare different models. A multi-level logistic regression was applied to comply the hierarchical data structure. Multi-level regression adjusts for clustering in data was performed. The majority (n\u2009=\u2009103) of meningiomas could be identified based on standard MRI sequences compared to PET\/MRI. MRI alone achieved a sensitivity of 95% (95% CI 0.78, 0.99) and specificity of 88% (95% CI 0.58, 0.98). Based on intensity of contrast medium uptake, 97 meningiomas could be diagnosed with intense uptake (93.75%). Sensitivity was lowest with 74% for meningiomas\u2009&lt;\u20090.5 cm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>, high with 95% for meningiomas\u2009&gt;\u20092cm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> and highest with 100% for meningiomas 0.5\u20131.0 cm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>. Petroclival meningiomas showed lowest sensitivity with 88% compared to sphenoidal meningiomas with 94% and orbital meningiomas with 100%. Specificity of meningioma diagnostic with MRI was high with 100% for sphenoidal and hemispherical-dural meningiomas and meningiomas with 0.5\u20131.0 and 1.0\u20132.0\u00a0cm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>. Overall MRI enables reliable detection of meningiomas compared to PET\/MRI. PET\/MRI imaging offers highest sensitivity and specificity for small or difficult located meningiomas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-87866-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]],"date-time":"2021-04-27T10:13:30Z","timestamp":1619518410000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Comparison of diagnostic value of 68\u00a0Ga-DOTATOC PET\/MRI and standalone MRI for the detection of intracranial meningiomas"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Heike C.","family":"Einhellig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eberhard","family":"Siebert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans-C.","family":"Bauknecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Tietze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josefine","family":"Graef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Furth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Schulze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milena","family":"Miszczuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georg","family":"Bohner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imke","family":"Schatka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus R.","family":"Makowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"87866_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nou131","volume":"17","author":"A Afshar-Oromieh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Afshar-Oromieh, A. et al. Comparison of 68Ga-DOTATOC-PET\/CT and PET\/MRI hybrid systems in patients with cranial meningioma: Initial results. Neuro Oncol. 17, 312\u2013319 (2015).","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol."},{"key":"87866_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.3.JNS091966","volume":"113","author":"ME Sughrue","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sughrue, M. E. et al. Treatment decision making based on the published natural history and growth rate of small meningiomas. J. Neurosurg. 113, 1036\u20131042 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"87866_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2017.44","volume":"13","author":"KJ Langen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Langen, K. J. et al. Advances in neurooncology imaging. Nat. Rev. Neurol. 13, 279\u2013289 (2017).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"87866_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.9.JNS12294","volume":"117","author":"B Hasseleid","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hasseleid, B. et al. Surgery for convexity meningioma: Simpson Grade I resection as the goal. J. Neurosurg. 117, 999\u20131006 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"87866_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.23736\/S1824-4785.18.03086-8","volume":"62","author":"WB Pope","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pope, W. B. & Brandal, G. Conventional and advanced magnetic resonance imaging in patients with high-grade glioma. Q. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging 62, 239\u2013253 (2018).","journal-title":"Q. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"},{"key":"87866_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005853720926","volume":"37","author":"TW Dziuk","year":"1998","unstructured":"Dziuk, T. W. et al. Malignant meningioma: an indication for initial aggressive surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy. J. Neurooncol. 37, 177\u2013188 (1998).","journal-title":"J. Neurooncol."},{"key":"87866_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3547","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2001.19.15.3547","volume":"19","author":"J Debus","year":"2001","unstructured":"Debus, J. et al. High efficacy of fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy of large base-of-skull meningiomas: long-term results. J. Clin. Oncol. 19, 3547\u20133553 (2001).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"87866_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1007\/s002590100490","volume":"28","author":"G Paganelli","year":"2001","unstructured":"Paganelli, G. et al. Receptor-mediated radiotherapy with 90Y-DOTA-D-Phe1-Tyr3-octreotide. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. 28, 426\u2013434 (2001).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"87866_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-018-4221-y","volume":"46","author":"E Guedj","year":"2019","unstructured":"Guedj, E. et al. Treatment of aggressive recurrent meningiomas: spinning towards peptide receptor radionuclide therapy. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging 46, 537\u2013538 (2019).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"},{"key":"87866_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2015.11.004","volume":"27","author":"B Tamrazi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tamrazi, B., Shiroishi, M. S. & Liu, C. S. Advanced imaging of intracranial meningiomas. Neurosurg. Clin. N. Am. 27, 137\u2013143 (2016).","journal-title":"Neurosurg. Clin. N. Am."},{"issue":"Supplement_1","key":"87866_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i44","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noy143","volume":"21","author":"RY Huang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Huang, R. Y. et al. International consortium on meningiomas. Imaging and diagnostic advances for intracranial meningiomas. Neuro Oncol. 21(Supplement_1), i44\u2013i61 (2019).","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol."},{"key":"87866_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(16)30321-7","volume":"17","author":"R Goldbrunner","year":"2016","unstructured":"Goldbrunner, R. et al. EANO guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of meningiomas. Lancet Oncol. 17, 383\u2013391 (2016).","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"87866_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1576","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nox112","volume":"19","author":"N Galldiks","year":"2017","unstructured":"Galldiks, N. et al. PET imaging in patients with meningioma-report of the RANO\/PET Group. Neuro Oncol. 19, 1576\u20131587 (2017).","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol."},{"key":"87866_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(92)90180-U","volume":"45","author":"SS Coughlin","year":"1992","unstructured":"Coughlin, S. S., Trock, B. & Criqui, M. H. The logistic modeling of sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of a diagnostic test. J. Clin. Epidemiol. 45, 1\u20137 (1992).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"87866_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.12120509","volume":"265","author":"TS Genders","year":"2012","unstructured":"Genders, T. S. et al. Methods for calculating sensitivity and specificity of clustered data: A tutorial. Radiology 265, 910\u2013916 (2012).","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"87866_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70181-2","volume":"9","author":"FG Dhermain","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dhermain, F. G. et al. Advanced MRI and PET imaging for assessment of treatment response in patients with gliomas. Lancet Neurol. 9, 906\u2013920 (2010).","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"87866_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(08)70125-6","volume":"9","author":"D Brandsma","year":"2008","unstructured":"Brandsma, D. et al. Clinical features, mechanisms, and management of pseudoprogression in malignant gliomas. Lancet Oncol. 9, 453\u2013461 (2008).","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"87866_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hygino da Cruz, L. C., Jr., Rodriguez, I., Domingues, R. C., et al. Pseudoprogression and pseudoresponse: imaging challenges in the assessment of posttreatment glioma. Am. J. Neuroradiol. 2011; 32:1978\u20131985.","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2397"},{"key":"87866_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2009.150","volume":"6","author":"I Yang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yang, I. & Aghi, M. K. New advances that enable identification of glioblastoma recurrence. Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. 6, 648\u2013657 (2009).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"87866_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.217.2.r00nv36377","volume":"217","author":"AJ Kumar","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kumar, A. J. et al. Malignant gliomas: MR imaging spectrum of radiation therapy- and chemotherapy-induced necrosis of the brain after treatment. Radiology 217, 377\u2013384 (2000).","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"87866_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.114.149120","volume":"56","author":"W Rachinger","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rachinger, W. et al. Increased 68Ga-DOTATATE uptake in PET imaging discriminates meningioma and tumor-free tissue. J. Nucl. Med. 56(3), 347\u20135319 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"87866_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-019-04591-2","volume":"6","author":"KA Kessel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kessel, K. A. et al. Integration of PET-imaging into radiotherapy treatment planning for low-grade meningiomas improves outcome. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging 6, 1391\u20131399 (2020).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"},{"key":"87866_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E9","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.3.FOCUS1925","volume":"46","author":"G Acker","year":"2019","unstructured":"Acker, G. et al. Impact of 68Ga-DOTATOC PET\/MRI on robotic radiosurgery treatment planning in meningioma patients: First experiences in a single institution. Neurosurg. Focus 46, E9 (2019).","journal-title":"Neurosurg. Focus"},{"key":"87866_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2015.11.004","volume":"27","author":"B Tamrazi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tamrazi, B., Shiroishi, M. S. & Liu, C. S. Advanced imaging of intracranial meningiomas. Neurosurg. Clin. N. Am. 27, 137\u2013143 (2016).","journal-title":"Neurosurg. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"87866_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.114.145995","volume":"56","author":"F Collamati","year":"2015","unstructured":"Collamati, F. et al. Toward radioguided surgery with beta-decays: Uptake of a somatostatin analogue, DOTATOC, in meningioma and high-grade glioma. J. Nucl. Med. 56, 3\u20138 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"87866_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Milker-Zabel S, Zabel-du BoisA, Henze M et al. Improved target volume definition for fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy in patients with intracranial meningiomas by correlation of CT, MRI, and [68Ga]-DOTATOC-PET. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 2006;65:222\u2013227.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2005.12.006"},{"key":"87866_CR27","first-page":"1053","volume":"42","author":"M Henze","year":"2001","unstructured":"Henze, M. et al. PET imaging of somatostatin receptors using [68Ga]DOTA-D-phe1-tyr3-octreotide: first results in patients with meningiomas. J. Nucl. Med. 42, 1053\u20131056 (2001).","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"87866_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-009-1270-2","volume":"37","author":"F Nyuyki","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nyuyki, F. et al. Potential impact of (68)Ga-DOTATOC PET\/CT on stereotactic radiotherapy planning of meningiomas. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging. 37, 310\u2013318 (2010).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging."},{"key":"87866_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.3109\/01676830.2014.959185","volume":"34","author":"A Klingenstein","year":"2015","unstructured":"Klingenstein, A., Haug, A. R., Miller, C. & Hintschich, C. Ga-68-DOTA-TATE PET\/CT for discrimination of tumors of the optic pathway. Orbit 34, 16\u201322 (2015).","journal-title":"Orbit"},{"key":"87866_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1576","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nox112","volume":"19","author":"N Galldiks","year":"2017","unstructured":"Galldiks, N. et al. PET imaging in patients with meningioma\u2014Report of the RANO\/PET Group. Neuro Oncol. 19, 1576\u20131587 (2017).","journal-title":"Neuro Oncol."},{"key":"87866_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-012-2155-3","volume":"39","author":"A Afshar-Oromieh","year":"2012","unstructured":"Afshar-Oromieh, A. et al. Detection of cranial meningiomas: Comparison of 68Ga-DOTATOC PET\/CT and contrastenhanced MRI. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging 39, 1409\u20131415 (2012).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"},{"key":"87866_CR32","first-page":"1053","volume":"42","author":"M Henze","year":"2001","unstructured":"Henze, M. et al. PET imaging of somatostatin receptors using [68GA]DOTA-D-Phe1-Tyr3-Octreotide: First results in patients with meningiomas. J. Nucl. Med. 42, 1053\u20131056 (2001).","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"87866_CR33","first-page":"3","volume":"2016","author":"M Conti","year":"2016","unstructured":"Conti, M. & Eriksson, L. Physics of pure and non-pure positron emitters for PET: A review and a discussion. EJNMMI Phys. 2016, 3\u20138 (2016).","journal-title":"EJNMMI Phys."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-87866-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-87866-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-87866-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,3]],"date-time":"2022-12-03T07:31:33Z","timestamp":1670052693000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-87866-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["87866"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-87866-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 July 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 April 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 April 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"9064"}}