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However, the pattern formation mechanism of palatal sutures is poorly understood compared with that of calvarial sutures such as the sagittal suture. In the present study, therefore, we compared the morphological characteristics of sagittal and palatal sutures in human bone specimens. We found that palatal suture width was narrower than sagittal suture width, and the interdigitation amplitude of the palatal suture was lower than that of the sagittal suture. These tendencies were also observed in the neonatal stage. However, such differences were not observed in other animals such as chimpanzees and mice. We also used a mathematical model to reproduce the differences between palatal and sagittal sutures. After an extensive parameter search, we found two conditions that could generate the difference in interdigitation amplitude and suture width: bone differentiation threshold <jats:inline-formula><jats:alternatives><jats:tex-math>$$v_c$$<\/jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                  <mml:msub>\n                    <mml:mi>v<\/mml:mi>\n                    <mml:mi>c<\/mml:mi>\n                  <\/mml:msub>\n                <\/mml:math><\/jats:alternatives><\/jats:inline-formula> and growth speed <jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic>. We discuss possible biological interpretations of the observed pattern difference and its cause.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-88255-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]],"date-time":"2021-04-26T10:07:24Z","timestamp":1619431644000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Mathematical modeling of palatal suture pattern formation: morphological differences between sagittal and palatal sutures"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Nobuhide","family":"Shibusawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshie","family":"Endo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naoki","family":"Morimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ichiro","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Miura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"88255_CR1","unstructured":"Drake, R.\u00a0L., Vogl, A.\u00a0W. & Mitchell, A.\u00a0W.  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