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Tridimensional bone imaging techniques such as high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) allow the assessment of both compartmental volumetric densities and microarchitecture. Our aim was to evaluate these parameters in children and teenagers receiving long-term PN. This cross-sectional, case\u2013control study included children older than 9\u00a0years undergoing PN for at least 2\u00a0years. They were age-, gender- and puberty-matched with healthy controls (1:2). Evaluation included biological assessment of bone metabolism (serum calcium, phosphate, and albumin; urinary calcium and creatinine; 25-OH vitamin D, osteocalcin and PTH), dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and HR-pQCT at the ultradistal tibia and radius. Results are presented as median [range]. Eleven patients (3 girls) with a median age of 16 [9\u201319] years were included. Bone parameters assessed by HR-pQCT at the ultradistal radius and tibia were similar in patients and controls. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were higher (14 [7\u2013115] vs 16 [12\u201327]) and osteocalcin levels were lower (44 [15\u201365] vs 65 [38\u2013142]) in patients than in controls, although within the normal range. Conclusions: there were no differences for compartmental bone densities and microarchitecture in patients undergoing chronic PN. 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