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We aimed to investigate differences in phenotypes of circulating B and T cells after pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients on MTX (MTX group), RA without disease-modifying drugs (0DMARD), and controls (HC). MTX group (n\u2009=\u200911), 0DMARD (n\u2009=\u200912) and HC (n\u2009=\u200913) were studied. Blood samples were collected: before MTX,\u2009\u2265\u20094\u00a0weeks on stable MTX dose (prevaccination), and 7\u00a0days postvaccination (MTX group), and pre- and 7\u00a0days postvaccination (0DMARD and HC). Phenotypes of B- and T cell subsets were determined using flow cytometry. Serotype-specific IgG were quantified using multiplex bead assay, pre- and 4\u20136\u00a0weeks postvaccination. Concentrations of plasmablasts and switched memory B cells increased after PCV in HC (both <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03) and the 0DMARD group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02), but not in the MTX group. Postimmunization plasmablasts were lower in MTX group, compared to the 0DMARD group and HC (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002 and p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Th17 cells decreased after MTX start (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02), and increased in HC after immunization (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01). Postimmunization plasmablasts correlated with mean antibody response ratio in all RA patients (R\u2009=\u20090.57, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.035). Methotrexate reduced Th17 cells and blocked activation of plasmablasts and switched memory B cells following polysaccharide-protein conjugate antigen challenge in RA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-88491-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]],"date-time":"2021-04-28T10:04:55Z","timestamp":1619604295000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Methotrexate reduces circulating Th17 cells and impairs plasmablast and memory B cell expansions following pneumococcal conjugate immunization in RA patients"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Per","family":"Nived","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c5sa","family":"Pettersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00f6ran","family":"J\u00f6nsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anders A.","family":"Bengtsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Settergren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lillemor","family":"Skattum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c5sa","family":"Johansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meliha C.","family":"Kapetanovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"88491_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2287","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10524","volume":"46","author":"MF Doran","year":"2002","unstructured":"Doran, M. 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