{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T11:28:13Z","timestamp":1744802893681},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,4]],"date-time":"2021-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620086400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,4]],"date-time":"2021-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study was aimed to assess the outcomes of simultaneous phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) and photoastigmatic keratectomy (PAK), with special attention to astigmatic correction. We comprised 70 eyes of 70 patients who underwent simultaneous PTK and PAK in patients having granular corneal dystrophy and band keratopathy with refractive astigmatism of 1 diopter (D) or more. Preoperatively and 6\u00a0months postoperatively, we assessed corrected uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), distance visual acuity (CDVA), manifest spherical equivalent, refractive astigmatism, corneal astigmatism, and higher-order aberrations (HOAs). LogMAR CDVA significantly improved, from 0.27\u2009\u00b1\u20090.27 preoperatively, to 0.13\u2009\u00b1\u20090.21 postoperatively (Paired t test, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). LogMAR UDVA also significantly improved, from 0.70\u2009\u00b1\u20090.32 preoperatively, to 0.57\u2009\u00b1\u20090.41 postoperatively (p\u2009=\u20090.043). Refractive astigmatism significantly decreased, from 2.12\u2009\u00b1\u20090.95 D preoperatively, to 0.89\u2009\u00b1\u20090.81 D postoperatively (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Corneal astigmatism also significantly decreased, from 2.17\u2009\u00b1\u20090.90 D preoperatively, to 1.08\u2009\u00b1\u20090.71 D postoperatively (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Corneal HOAs did not significantly change, from 0.54\u2009\u00b1\u20090.30\u00a0\u00b5m preoperatively, to 0.48\u2009\u00b1\u20090.20\u00a0\u00b5m postoperatively (p\u2009=\u20090.140). No significant complications occurred in any eye. Simultaneous PTK and PAK treatment is effective not only for improving visual acuity, but also for reducing astigmatism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-89044-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,4]],"date-time":"2021-05-04T10:03:29Z","timestamp":1620122609000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clinical outcomes of simultaneous phototherapeutic keratectomy and photoastigmatic keratectomy"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Kazutaka","family":"Kamiya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kana","family":"Yazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wakako","family":"Ando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masahide","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nobuyuki","family":"Shoji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"89044_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1097\/00004397-199603640-00017","volume":"36","author":"CJ Rapuano","year":"1996","unstructured":"Rapuano, C. 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Eye (Lond). 32, 26\u201331 (2018).","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)."},{"key":"89044_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(00)00797-5","volume":"27","author":"LN Thibos","year":"2001","unstructured":"Thibos, L. N. & Horner, D. Power vector analysis of the optical outcome of refractive surgery. J. Cataract. Refract. Surg. 27, 80\u201385 (2001).","journal-title":"J. Cataract. Refract. Surg."},{"key":"89044_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-015-0403-3","volume":"59","author":"A Hashimoto","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hashimoto, A., Kamiya, K., Shimizu, K., Igarashi, A. & Kobashi, H. Central islands: Rate and effect on visual recovery after phototherapeutic keratectomy. Jpn. J. Ophthalmol. 59, 409\u2013414 (2015).","journal-title":"Jpn. J. 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