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While\n                    <jats:italic>C. jejuni<\/jats:italic>\n                    colonises many wild animals and livestock, persistence mechanisms enabling the bacterium to adapt to host species' guts are not fully understood. In order to identify putative determinants influencing host preferences of distinct lineages, bootstrapping based on stratified random sampling combined with a\n                    <jats:italic>k-mer-<\/jats:italic>\n                    based genome-wide association was conducted on 490 genomes from diverse origins in Germany and Canada. We show a strong association of both the core and the accessory genome characteristics with distinct host animal species, indicating multiple adaptive trajectories defining the evolution of\n                    <jats:italic>C. jejuni<\/jats:italic>\n                    lifestyle preferences in different ecosystems. Here, we demonstrate that adaptation towards a specific host niche ecology is most likely a long evolutionary and multifactorial process, expressed by gene absence or presence and allele variations of core genes. Several host-specific allelic variants from different phylogenetic backgrounds, including\n                    <jats:italic>dna<\/jats:italic>\n                    E,\n                    <jats:italic>rpo<\/jats:italic>\n                    B,\n                    <jats:italic>ftsX or pyc<\/jats:italic>\n                    B play important roles for genome maintenance and metabolic pathways. Thus, variants of genes important for\n                    <jats:italic>C. jejuni<\/jats:italic>\n                    to cope with specific ecological niches or hosts may be useful markers for both surveillance and future pathogen intervention strategies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-89683-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,14]],"date-time":"2021-05-14T06:03:17Z","timestamp":1620972197000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Genome-wide insights into population structure and host specificity of Campylobacter jejuni"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Lennard","family":"Epping","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birgit","family":"Walther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosario M.","family":"Piro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Theres","family":"Kn\u00fcver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Huber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Th\u00fcrmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antje","family":"Flieger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelika","family":"Fruth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicol","family":"Janecko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lothar H.","family":"Wieler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerstin","family":"Stingl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Torsten","family":"Semmler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"89683_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-018-0037-9","volume":"16","author":"PM Burnham","year":"2018","unstructured":"Burnham, P. 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