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We evaluated its association with human chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and the risk\/protective role played by several genetic polymorphisms in this relationship, on a cohort of 57 exposed pathologists <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 48 controls. All subjects were assessed for CAs on peripheral blood lymphocytes and genotyped for the most common cancer-associated gene polymorphisms which could be related with the genotoxic outcome: <jats:italic>CYP1A1 exon 7 (A<\/jats:italic>&gt;<jats:italic>G)<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CYP1A1*2A (T<\/jats:italic>&gt;<jats:italic>C)<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CYP2C19*2 (G<\/jats:italic>&gt;<jats:italic>A)<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>GSTT1<\/jats:italic> (Positive\/Null), <jats:italic>GSTM1<\/jats:italic> (Positive\/null), <jats:italic>GSTP1 (A<\/jats:italic>&gt;<jats:italic>G)<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>XRCC1 (G399A)<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>XRCC1 (C194T)<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>XRCC1 (A280G)<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>XPD (A751C)<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>XPC exon 15 (A939C)<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>XPC exon 9 (C499T)<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>TNF\u03b1 \u2212\u00a0308 (G<\/jats:italic>&gt;<jats:italic>A)<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL10 \u2212\u00a01082 (G<\/jats:italic>&gt;<jats:italic>A)<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL10 \u2212\u00a0819 (C<\/jats:italic>&gt;<jats:italic>T)<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>IL6 \u2212\u00a0174 (G<\/jats:italic>&gt;<jats:italic>C)<\/jats:italic>. Air-FA concentration was assessed through personal samplers. The comparison between pathologists and controls showed a significantly higher CAs frequency in pathologists. Significant positive correlations were found between CAs frequency and air-FA concentration while significant associations were found between variation in CAs frequency and the mutated allele for <jats:italic>CYP1A1 exon 7 (A<\/jats:italic>&gt;<jats:italic>G)<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CYP2C19*2 (G<\/jats:italic>&gt;<jats:italic>A)<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>GSTT1<\/jats:italic>-positive, <jats:italic>GSTM1<\/jats:italic>-positive and <jats:italic>XRCC1 (G399A)<\/jats:italic>. Our study confirms the role of FA as genotoxicity inductor, even in workers chronically exposed to low air-FA levels and reveals the role played by some genetic polymorphisms in this association, highlighting the importance of individual susceptibility biomarkers assessment in occupational health studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-89833-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,18]],"date-time":"2021-05-18T10:06:23Z","timestamp":1621332383000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The role of phase I, phase II, and DNA-repair gene polymorphisms in the damage induced by formaldehyde in pathologists"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Federica","family":"Ghelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Cocchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Buglisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Squillacioti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Bellisario","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Bono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfredo","family":"Santovito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"89833_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1080\/15287394.2013.757212","volume":"76","author":"S Costa","year":"2013","unstructured":"Costa, S. et al. 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