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We performed prospective randomized placebo-controlled trial investigating effects of perioperative dexmedetomidine infusion on pulmonary function following thoracic aortic surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass and moderate hypothermic circulatory arrest. Fifty-two patients were randomized to two groups: the dexmedetomidine group received 1\u00a0\u00b5g\/kg of dexmedetomidine over 20\u00a0min after induction of anesthesia, followed by 0.5\u00a0\u00b5g\/kg\/h infusion until 12\u00a0h after aortic cross clamp (ACC)-off, while the control group received the same volume of normal saline. The primary endpoints were oxygenation indices including arterial O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> partial pressure (PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) to alveolar O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> partial pressure ratio (a\/A ratio), (A\u2013a) O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> gradient, PaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/FiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and lung mechanics including peak inspiratory and plateau pressures and compliances, which were assessed after anesthesia induction, 1\u00a0h, 6\u00a0h, 12\u00a0h, and 24\u00a0h after ACC-off. The secondary endpoints were serum biomarkers including interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1, superoxide dismutase, and malondialdehyde (MDA). As a result, dexmedetomidine did not confer protective effects on the lungs, but inhibited elevation of serum MDA level, indicative of anti-oxidative stress property, and improved urine output and lower requirements of vasopressors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-90210-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]],"date-time":"2021-05-26T10:04:00Z","timestamp":1622023440000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Pulmonary effects of dexmedetomidine infusion in thoracic aortic surgery under hypothermic circulatory arrest: a randomized placebo-controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Seongsu","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soo Jung","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Beom","family":"Nam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suk-Won","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeonseung","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sangmin","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"90210_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2015.04.125","volume":"30","author":"RB Raquel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Raquel, R. 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