{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T14:50:52Z","timestamp":1789829452941,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Air pollution contributes to the premature death of approximately 428,000 citizens of Europe every year. The adverse effects of air pollution can be observed in respiratory, circulatory systems but also in renal function. We decide to investigate the hypothesis indicating that we can observe not only long- but also short-term impact of air pollution on kidney function. We used linear, log-linear, and logistic regression models to assess the association between renal function and NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, SO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, and PMs. Results are reported as beta (\u03b2) coefficients and odds ratios (OR) for an increase in interquartile range (IQR) concentration. 3554 patients (median age 66, men 53.2%) were included into final analysis. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was diagnosed in 21.5%. The odds of CKD increased with increase in annual concentration of PM<jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub> (OR for IQR increase\u2009=\u20091.07; 95% CI 1.01\u20131.15, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.037) and NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (OR for IQR increase\u2009=\u20091.05; 95% CI 1.01\u20131.10, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.047). The IQR increase in weekly PM<jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub> concentration was associated with 2% reduction in expected eGFR (\u03b2\u2009=\u20090.02, 95% CI \u2212\u20090.03; \u2212\u20090.01). Medium- and short-term exposure to elevated air pollution levels was associated with a decrease in eGFR and development CKD. The main pollutants affecting the kidneys were PM<jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub> and NO<jats:sub>2.<\/jats:sub><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-91000-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T15:32:54Z","timestamp":1622561574000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Exposure to air pollution and renal function"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"Ku\u017ama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jolanta","family":"Ma\u0142yszko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanna","family":"Bach\u00f3rzewska-Gajewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Kralisz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u0142awomir","family":"Dobrzycki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"91000_CR1","unstructured":"WHO. Ambient (outdoor) air quality and health. World Health Organization 2018 (accessed 1 September 2020). https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/ambient-(outdoor)-air-quality-and-health\/."},{"key":"91000_CR2","unstructured":"Air Quality in Europe\u20142017 report. European Environment Agency (accessed 1 September 2020). https:\/\/www.eea.europa.eu\/publications\/air-quality-in-europe-2017\/."},{"issue":"16","key":"91000_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487318755804","volume":"25","author":"M Rasche","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rasche, M. et al. Rapid increases in nitrogen oxides are associated with acute myocardial infarction: A case-crossover study. Eur. J. Prev. Cardiol. 25(16), 1707\u20131716. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2047487318755804 (2018).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Prev. Cardiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"91000_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e000429","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2016-000429","volume":"3","author":"BK Butland","year":"2016","unstructured":"Butland, B. K. et al. Myocardial infarction, ST-elevation and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction and modelled daily pollution concentrations: A case-crossover analysis of MINAP data. Open Heart 3(2), e000429. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/openhrt-2016-000429 (2016).","journal-title":"Open Heart"},{"key":"91000_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5603\/CJ.a2018.0156","author":"PE Buszman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Buszman, P. E. et al. Impact of air pollution on hospital patients admitted with ST- and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in heavily polluted cities within the European Union. Cardiol. J. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5603\/CJ.a2018.0156 (2018).","journal-title":"Cardiol. J."},{"key":"91000_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2017.11.020","volume":"161","author":"MA Akbarzadeh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Akbarzadeh, M. A. et al. The association between exposure to air pollutants including PM10, PM2.5, ozone, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide concentration and the relative risk of developing STEMI: A case-crossover design. Environ. Res. 161, 299\u2013303. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2017.11.020 (2018).","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"91000_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1186\/s12940-019-0506-2","volume":"18","author":"E Amsalu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Amsalu, E. et al. Acute effects of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on hospital admissions for cardiovascular disease in Beijing, China: A time-series study. Environ. Health 18(1), 70. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12940-019-0506-2 (2019).","journal-title":"Environ. Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"91000_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.20452\/pamw.15064","volume":"130","author":"\u0141 Ku\u017ama","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ku\u017ama, \u0141 et al. Effect of air pollution on the number of hospital admissions for acute coronary syndrome in elderly patients. Pol. Arch. Intern. Med. 130(1), 38\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20452\/pamw.15064 (2020).","journal-title":"Pol. Arch. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"91000_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0151119","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0151119","volume":"11","author":"X Ye","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ye, X. et al. Acute effects of particulate air pollution on the incidence of coronary heart disease in Shanghai, China. PLoS ONE 11(3), e0151119. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0151119 (2016).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"23","key":"91000_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2443","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.636977","volume":"114","author":"CA Pope 3rd","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pope, C. A. 3rd. et al. Ischemic heart disease events triggered by short-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution. Circulation 114(23), 2443\u20132448. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.636977 (2006).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"5","key":"91000_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15050834","volume":"15","author":"E Hong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hong, E. et al. Effects of environmental air pollution on pulmonary function level of residents in Korean industrial complexes. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 15(5), 834. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph15050834 (2018).","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"91000_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0b013e32832185ee","volume":"15","author":"FW Ko","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ko, F. W. & Hui, D. S. Outdoor air pollution: Impact on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Curr. Opin. Pulm. Med. 15(2), 150\u2013157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MCP.0b013e32832185ee (2009).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pulm. Med."},{"key":"91000_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2016.05.004","volume":"94","author":"S Wu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wu, S. et al. Short-term exposure to high ambient air pollution increases airway inflammation and respiratory symptoms in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients in Beijing, China. Environ. Int. 94, 76\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2016.05.004 (2016).","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"4","key":"91000_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.2217\/fca.12.43","volume":"8","author":"MR Miller","year":"2012","unstructured":"Miller, M. R., Shaw, C. A. & Langrish, J. P. From particles to patients: Oxidative stress and the cardiovascular effects of air pollution. Future Cardiol. 8(4), 577\u2013602. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2217\/fca.12.43 (2012).","journal-title":"Future Cardiol."},{"key":"91000_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-017-9606-7","volume":"22","author":"A Fiordelisi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fiordelisi, A. et al. The mechanisms of air pollution and particulate matter in cardiovascular diseases. Heart Fail. Rev. 22, 337\u2013347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10741-017-9606-7 (2017).","journal-title":"Heart Fail. Rev."},{"key":"91000_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3050","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.870279","volume":"119","author":"CA Pope","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pope, C. A. The expanding role of air pollution in cardiovascular disease. Circulation 119, 3050\u20133052. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.870279 (2009).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"91000_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.168.9.920","volume":"168","author":"A Baccarelli","year":"2008","unstructured":"Baccarelli, A. et al. Exposure to particulate air pollution and risk of deep vein thrombosis. Arch. Intern. Med. 168, 920\u2013927. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archinte.168.9.920 (2008).","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"7","key":"91000_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0200612","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0200612","volume":"13","author":"J Bragg-Gresham","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bragg-Gresham, J. et al. County-level air quality and the prevalence of diagnosed chronic kidney disease in the US Medicare population. PLoS ONE 13(7), e0200612. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0200612 (2018).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"5","key":"91000_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e022450","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-022450","volume":"9","author":"B Bowe","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bowe, B. et al. Estimates of the 2016 global burden of kidney disease attributable to ambient fine particulate matter air pollution. BMJ Open 9(5), e022450. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-022450 (2019).","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"10","key":"91000_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107002","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP3304","volume":"126","author":"TC Chan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chan, T. C. et al. Long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter and chronic kidney disease: A cohort study. Environ. Health Perspect. 126(10), 107002. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/EHP3304 (2018).","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"91000_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2017.11.084","volume":"234","author":"SY Chen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chen, S. Y. et al. Traffic-related air pollution associated with chronic kidney disease among elderly residents in Taipei City. Environ. Pollut. 234, 838\u2013845. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envpol.2017.11.084 (2018).","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"issue":"4","key":"91000_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP302","volume":"125","author":"YR Yang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yang, Y. R., Chen, Y. M., Chen, S. Y. & Chan, C. C. Associations between long-term particulate matter exposure and adult renal function in the Taipei metropolis. Environ. Health Perspect. 125(4), 602\u2013607. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/EHP302 (2017).","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"91000_CR23","unstructured":"KDIGO 2012 clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. Suppl. 3, 1\u2013150 (2013, accessed 1 September 2020). https:\/\/kdigo.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/KDIGO_2012_CKD_GL.pdf."},{"issue":"4","key":"91000_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyt092","volume":"42","author":"K Bhaskaran","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bhaskaran, K. et al. Time series regression studies in environmental epidemiology. Int. J. Epidemiol. 42(4), 1187\u20131195. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ije\/dyt092 (2013).","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"91000_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2015.230","volume":"88","author":"KT Mills","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mills, K. T. et al. A systematic analysis of worldwide population-based data on the global burden of chronic kidney disease in 2010. Kidney Int. 88, 950\u2013957. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ki.2015.230 (2015).","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"91000_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s40557-018-0226-z","volume":"30","author":"HJ Kim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kim, H. J. et al. Association between exposure to ambient air pollution and renal function in Korean adults. Ann. Occup. Environ. Med. 30, 14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40557-018-0226-z (2018).","journal-title":"Ann. Occup. Environ. Med."},{"key":"91000_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2012-202307","volume":"67","author":"SH Lue","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lue, S. H. et al. Residential proximity to major roadways and renal function. J. Epidemiol. Community Health 67, 629\u2013634. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jech-2012-202307 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Epidemiol. Community Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"91000_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2017030253","volume":"29","author":"B Bowe","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bowe, B. et al. Particulate matter air pollution and the risk of incident CKD and progression to ESRD. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 29(1), 218\u2013230. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1681\/ASN.2017030253 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"issue":"5","key":"91000_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1307823","volume":"123","author":"IC Eze","year":"2015","unstructured":"Eze, I. C. et al. Association between ambient air pollution and diabetes mellitus in Europe and North America: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Environ. Health Perspect. 123(5), 381\u2013389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp.1307823 (2015).","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"issue":"Pt B","key":"91000_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2019.06.033","volume":"252","author":"F Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu, F. et al. Associations between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Environ. Pollut. 252(Pt B), 1235\u20131245. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envpol.2019.06.033 (2019).","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"issue":"4","key":"91000_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hipert.2018.03.001","volume":"35","author":"N Soldevila Bacardit","year":"2018","unstructured":"Soldevila Bacardit, N. & Vinyoles Bargall\u00f3, E. Contaminaci\u00f3n atmosf\u00e9rica, riesgo cardiovascular e hipertensi\u00f3n arterial [Air pollution, cardiovascular risk and hypertension]. Hipertens. Riesgo Vasc. 35(4), 177\u2013184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.hipert.2018.03.001 (2018) (Spanish).","journal-title":"Hipertens. Riesgo Vasc."},{"issue":"11","key":"91000_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jash.2017.09.008","volume":"11","author":"E Sanidas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sanidas, E. et al. Air pollution and arterial hypertension. A new risk factor is in the air. J. Am. Soc. Hypertens. 11(11), 709\u2013715. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jash.2017.09.008 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Hypertens."},{"key":"91000_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.01.001","volume":"235","author":"BY Yang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yang, B. Y. et al. Global association between ambient air pollution and blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Environ. Pollut. 235, 576\u2013588. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.01.001 (2018).","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"issue":"13","key":"91000_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw413","volume":"38","author":"KB Fuks","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fuks, K. B. et al. Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and traffic noise and incident hypertension in seven cohorts of the European study of cohorts for air pollution effects (ESCAPE). Eur. Heart J. 38(13), 983\u2013990. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw413 (2017).","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"issue":"20","key":"91000_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24815","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-09042-2","volume":"27","author":"AA Almetwally","year":"2020","unstructured":"Almetwally, A. A., Bin-Jumah, M. & Allam, A. A. Ambient air pollution and its influence on human health and welfare: An overview. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int. 27(20), 24815\u201324830. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-020-09042-2 (2020).","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int."},{"issue":"2","key":"91000_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.05.043","volume":"70","author":"B Niemann","year":"2017","unstructured":"Niemann, B., Rohrbach, S. & Miller, M. R. Oxidative stress and cardiovascular risk: Obesity, diabetes, smoking, and pollution: Part 3 of a 3-part series. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 70(2), 230\u2013251. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.05.043 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"91000_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4542","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6b08551","volume":"11","author":"MR Miller","year":"2017","unstructured":"Miller, M. R., Raftis, J. B. & Langrish, J. P. Inhaled nanoparticles accumulate at sites of vascular disease. ACS Nano 11(5), 4542\u20134552. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsnano.6b08551 (2017).","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"10","key":"91000_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2015.94","volume":"11","author":"A Kataria","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kataria, A., Trasande, L. & Trachtman, H. The effects of environmental chemicals on renal function. Nat. Rev. Nephrol. 11(10), 610\u2013625. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrneph.2015.94 (2015).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Nephrol."},{"issue":"2","key":"91000_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.5487\/TR.2018.34.2.163","volume":"34","author":"CG Park","year":"2018","unstructured":"Park, C. G., Cho, H. K. & Shin, H. J. Comparison of mutagenic activities of various ultra-fine particles. Toxicol. Res. 34(2), 163\u2013172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5487\/TR.2018.34.2.163 (2018).","journal-title":"Toxicol. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"91000_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1177\/0748233717749694","volume":"34","author":"HK Cho","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cho, H. K., Park, C. G. & Shin, H. J. Comparison of the in vitro toxicological activity of various particulate matter. Toxicol. Ind. Health 34(2), 99\u2013109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0748233717749694 (2018).","journal-title":"Toxicol. Ind. Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"91000_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901207","volume":"118","author":"MJ Campen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Campen, M. J., Lund, A. K. & Doyle-Eisele, M. L. A comparison of vascular effects from complex and individual air pollutants indicates a role for monoxide gases and volatile hydrocarbons. Environ. Health Perspect. 118(7), 921\u2013927. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp.0901207 (2010).","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-91000-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-91000-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-91000-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,3]],"date-time":"2022-12-03T09:06:12Z","timestamp":1670058372000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-91000-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["91000"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-91000-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 January 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 May 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 June 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"11419"}}