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However, <jats:italic>L. crispatu<\/jats:italic>s is a heterogeneous species. Here, we investigated the effect of 17\u03b2-estradiol on the recently isolated <jats:italic>L. crispatus<\/jats:italic> vaginal strain V4, related to a cluster distant from CIP104459 and at the limit of being a different subspecies. Grown in the same medium, the two strains expressed a highly similar pool of proteins. However, in contrast to CIP104459, <jats:italic>L. crispatus<\/jats:italic> V4 showed high aggregation potential and 17\u03b2-estradiol promoted this phenotype. This effect was associated with large changes in cell-surface polarity and Lewis acid\/base properties. In addition, we observed no effect on the membrane dynamics, contrary to CIP104459. These results can be explained by differences in the properties and organization of the S layer between the two strains. However, as for CIP104459, 17\u03b2-estradiol increased biosurfactant production of <jats:italic>L. crispatus<\/jats:italic> V4 and their adhesion to vaginal cells. This suggests that 17\u03b2-estradiol agonists would be valuable tools to favor a stable re-implantation of <jats:italic>L. crispatus<\/jats:italic> in the vaginal mucosa.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-91017-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T15:20:18Z","timestamp":1622560818000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Variability of the response of human vaginal Lactobacillus crispatus to 17\u03b2-estradiol"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Maximilien","family":"Clabaut","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amine M.","family":"Boukerb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amine Ben","family":"Mlouka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amandine","family":"Suet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Tahrioui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julien","family":"Verdon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magalie","family":"Barreau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Maillot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agathe","family":"Le Tirant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madina","family":"Karsybayeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Coralie","family":"Kremser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00e9rard","family":"Redziniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9cile","family":"Duclairoir-Poc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chantal","family":"Pichon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Hardouin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascal","family":"Cosette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvie","family":"Chevalier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc G. 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Madina Karsybayeva manages Remedials Laboratory. Coralie Kremser belongs to GymoPharm. G\u00e9rard Redziniak is the head of Cosmetic Inventions. There is no product or marketing interest to declare. This does not alter the authors\u2019 adherence to all policies on sharing data and materials, as detailed online in the guidelines for authors. None of the other authors have any conflict of interest to declare.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"11533"}}