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A portion of MM patients received ASCT in an isolation room with high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filtration. The effectiveness of the HEPA filtration on reducing treatment-related mortality (TRM) is controversial. We enrolled patients with newly diagnosed MM in Taiwan between 2000 and 2017. The primary endpoint of the study was TRM, which was defined as death within 100\u00a0days after ASCT. A total of 961 MM patients received ASCT. Of them, 480 patients (49.9%) received ASCT in an isolation room with HEPA filtration (HEPA group). The median overall survival from ASCT was 7.52\u00a0years for the HEPA group and 5.88\u00a0years for the remaining patients (non-HEPA group) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.370). The 100-day mortality rate was 1.5% and 1.0% for the HEPA and non-HEPA groups, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, the 100-day mortality had no difference between the HEPA and non-HEPA groups (adjusted hazard ratio 1.65, 95% CI 0.52\u20135.23). The median cost for ASCT inpatient care was $13,777.6 and $6527.6 for the HEPA and non-HEPA groups, respectively (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Although half of MM patients in Taiwan received ASCT in HEPA room, it didn\u2019t affect 100-day mortality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-91135-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,3]],"date-time":"2021-06-03T10:14:48Z","timestamp":1622715288000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The influence of high-efficiency particulate air filtration on mortality among multiple myeloma patients receiving autologous stem cell transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Chun-Kuang","family":"Tsai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiu-Mei","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying-Chung","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Po-Min","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Hwang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jyh-Pyng","family":"Gau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chia-Jen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"91135_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2016.122","volume":"14","author":"S Manier","year":"2017","unstructured":"Manier, S. et al. Genomic complexity of multiple myeloma and its clinical implications. Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. 14, 100\u2013113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrclinonc.2016.122 (2017).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"91135_CR2","volume-title":"Cancer Facts & Figures 2019","author":"American Cancer Society","year":"2019","unstructured":"American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts & Figures 2019 (American Cancer Society, 2019)."},{"key":"91135_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2013.313","volume":"28","author":"SK Kumar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kumar, S. K. et al. Continued improvement in survival in multiple myeloma: Changes in early mortality and outcomes in older patients. 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Efficacy and safety of autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation in elderly patients with multiple myeloma: A retrospective national multi-site cohort study. Ann. Hematol. 96, 271\u2013278. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00277-016-2882-9 (2017).","journal-title":"Ann. Hematol."},{"key":"91135_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1869","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-018-3370-1","volume":"97","author":"M Aggarwal","year":"2018","unstructured":"Aggarwal, M. et al. Autologous stem cell transplantation in first remission is associated with better progression-free survival in multiple myeloma. Ann. Hematol. 97, 1869\u20131877. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00277-018-3370-1 (2018).","journal-title":"Ann. Hematol."},{"key":"91135_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1089\/152581601317210999","volume":"10","author":"WH Kruger","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kruger, W. H. et al. 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