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However, associations between HLA-II alleles and <jats:italic>Ct<\/jats:italic>-infection have been little explored in humans; this study was thus aimed at determining HLA-<jats:italic>DRB1<\/jats:italic>-<jats:italic>DQB1<\/jats:italic> alleles\/haplotypes\u2019 effect on <jats:italic>Ct<\/jats:italic>-infection outcome in a cohort of Colombian women. Cervical sample DNA was used as template for detecting <jats:italic>Ct<\/jats:italic> by PCR and typing HLA-<jats:italic>DRB1<\/jats:italic>-<jats:italic>DQB1<\/jats:italic> alleles\/haplotypes by Illumina MiSeq sequencing. Survival models were adjusted for identifying the alleles\/haplotypes\u2019 effect on <jats:italic>Ct-<\/jats:italic>outcome; bioinformatics tools were used for predicting secreted bacterial protein T- and B-cell epitopes. Sixteen HLA-<jats:italic>DRB1<\/jats:italic> alleles having a significant effect on <jats:italic>Ct<\/jats:italic>-outcome were identified in the 262 women analysed. <jats:italic>DRB1<\/jats:italic>*08:02:01G and <jats:italic>DRB1<\/jats:italic>*12:01:01G were related to infection-promoting events. Only the <jats:italic>DQB1<\/jats:italic>*05:03:01G allele related to clearance\/persistence events was found for HLA-<jats:italic>DQB1<\/jats:italic>. HLA-<jats:italic>DRB1<\/jats:italic> allele homozygous women were associated with events having a lower probability of clearance and\/or early occurrence of persistence. Twenty-seven peptides predicted in silico were associated with protective immunity against <jats:italic>Ct<\/jats:italic>; outer membrane and polymorphic membrane protein-derived peptides had regions having dual potential for being T- or B-cell epitopes. This article describes HLA-<jats:italic>DRB1<\/jats:italic>-<jats:italic>DQB1<\/jats:italic> alleles\/haplotypes related to <jats:italic>Ct<\/jats:italic>-infection resolution and the peptides predicted in silico which might probably be involved in host immune response. The data provides base information for developing future studies leading to the development of effective prevention measures against <jats:italic>Ct<\/jats:italic>-infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-92294-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,18]],"date-time":"2021-06-18T10:03:33Z","timestamp":1624010613000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Identifying HLA DRB1-DQB1 alleles associated with Chlamydia trachomatis infection and in silico prediction of potentially-related peptides"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Leidy","family":"Pedraza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Milena","family":"Camargo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Darwin A.","family":"Moreno-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luisa","family":"Del R\u00edo-Ospina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Indira M.","family":"B\u00e1ez-Murcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manuel E.","family":"Patarroyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manuel A.","family":"Patarroyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"92294_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-020-0157-x","volume":"5","author":"NDNT Nguyen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nguyen, N. 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