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The impact of LOF in\n                    <jats:italic>IL11<\/jats:italic>\n                    has not been characterized. We generated IL11 knockout (\n                    <jats:italic>Il11<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) mice that are born in expected ratios and have normal hematological profiles. Lung fibroblasts from\n                    <jats:italic>Il11<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    mice are resistant to pro-fibrotic stimulation with TGF\u03b21. Following bleomycin-induced lung injury,\n                    <jats:italic>Il11<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    mice are protected from pulmonary fibrosis and exhibit lesser ERK, STAT3 and NF-kB activation, reduced\n                    <jats:italic>Il1b<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Timp1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Ccl2<\/jats:italic>\n                    and diminished IL6 expression, both at baseline and after injury: placing\n                    <jats:italic>Il11<\/jats:italic>\n                    activity upstream of\n                    <jats:italic>IL6<\/jats:italic>\n                    in this\u00a0model.\n                    <jats:italic>Il11<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    female mice are infertile. Unlike\n                    <jats:italic>Il11ra1<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    mice,\n                    <jats:italic>Il11<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    mice do not have craniosynostosis, have normal long bone mass and reduced body weights. These data further establish the role of IL11 signaling in lung fibrosis while suggesting that bone development abnormalities can be associated with mutation of\n                    <jats:italic>IL11RA<\/jats:italic>\n                    but not\n                    <jats:italic>IL11<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which may have implications for therapeutic targeting of IL11 signaling.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-93623-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]],"date-time":"2021-07-08T06:03:17Z","timestamp":1625724197000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Similarities and differences between IL11 and IL11RA1 knockout mice for lung fibro-inflammation, fertility and craniosynostosis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Ng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anissa A.","family":"Widjaja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sivakumar","family":"Viswanathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinrui","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia P.","family":"Chothani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stella","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shamini G.","family":"Shekeran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessie","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narelle E.","family":"McGregor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma C.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalie A.","family":"Sims","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Schafer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuart A.","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"93623_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-med-041818-011649","volume":"71","author":"SA Cook","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cook, S. 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A.A.W., S. S. and S.A.C. are co-inventors of the patent applications (GB1900811.9, GB 1902419.9, GB1906597.8) for \u201cTreatment of hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and metabolic diseases''. S. S., S. A.C. and B.N. are co-inventors of the patent application (WO\/2019\/073057) for \u201cTreatment of SMC mediated disease\u201d. S.A.C. and S.S. are co-founders and shareholders of Enleofen Bio Pte. Ltd., a company that made anti-IL11 therapeutics, which were acquired for further development by Boehringer Ingelheim. All other co-authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"14088"}}