{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:02:01Z","timestamp":1789084921737,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,16]],"date-time":"2021-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626393600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,16]],"date-time":"2021-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626393600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cleft lip and palate (CL\/P) is the most prevalent craniofacial birth defect in humans. None of the surgical procedures currently used for CL\/P repair lead to definitive correction of hard palate bone interruption. Advances in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine aim to develop new strategies to restore palatal bone interruption by using tissue or organ-decellularized bioscaffolds seeded with host cells. Aim of this study was to set up a new natural scaffold deriving from a decellularized porcine mucoperiosteum, engineered by an innovative micro-perforation procedure based on Quantum Molecular Resonance (QMR) and then subjected to in vitro recellularization with human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs). Our results demonstrated the efficiency of decellularization treatment gaining a natural, non-immunogenic scaffold with preserved collagen microenvironment that displays a favorable support to hMSC engraftment, spreading and differentiation. Ultrastructural analysis showed that the micro-perforation procedure preserved the collagen mesh, increasing the osteoinductive potential for mesenchymal precursor cells. In conclusion, we developed a novel tissue engineering protocol to obtain a non-immunogenic mucoperiosteal scaffold suitable for allogenic transplantation and CL\/P repair. The innovative micro-perforation procedure improving hMSC osteogenic differentiation potentially impacts for enhanced palatal bone regeneration leading to future clinical applications in humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-93951-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,16]],"date-time":"2021-07-16T10:03:33Z","timestamp":1626429813000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Engineered mucoperiosteal scaffold for cleft palate regeneration towards the non-immunogenic transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"M. I.","family":"Rizzo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Tomao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Tedesco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Cajozzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Esposito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"De Stefanis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. M.","family":"Ferranti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Mezzogori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Palmieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Pozzato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Algeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Locatelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Leone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Zama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"93951_CR1","first-page":"145","volume":"33","author":"V Candotto","year":"2019","unstructured":"Candotto, V. et al. Current concepts on cleft lip and palate etiology. J. Biol. Regul. Homeost. Agents. 33, 145\u2013151 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Regul. Homeost. Agents."},{"issue":"7","key":"93951_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000003038","volume":"27","author":"BB Massenburg","year":"2016","unstructured":"Massenburg, B. B. et al. Barriers to cleft lip and palate repair around the world. J. Craniofac. Surg. 27(7), 1741\u20131745 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Craniofac. Surg."},{"issue":"3","key":"93951_CR3","first-page":"167","volume":"12","author":"M Dixon","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dixon, M., Marazita, M., Beaty, T. & Murray, J. Cleft lip and palate: Synthesizing genetic and environmental influences. Natl. Inst. Health 12(3), 167\u2013178 (2011).","journal-title":"Natl. Inst. Health"},{"key":"93951_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.3390\/ma9050332","volume":"9","author":"L Edgar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Edgar, L. et al. Heterogeneity of scaffold biomaterials in tissue engineering. Materials. 9, 332 (2016).","journal-title":"Materials."},{"issue":"8","key":"93951_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8080886","volume":"8","author":"Y Han","year":"2019","unstructured":"Han, Y. et al. Mesenchymal stem cells for regenerative medicine. Cells 8(8), 886 (2019).","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"93951_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1759720X1987713","DOI":"10.1177\/1759720X19877131","volume":"11","author":"Y Gao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gao, Y. et al. Autologous costal chondral transplantation and costa-derived chondrocyte implantation: Emerging surgical techniques. Ther. Adv. Musculoskelet. Dis. 11, 1759720X19877131 (2019).","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Musculoskelet. Dis."},{"key":"93951_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7276150","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/7276150","volume":"2016","author":"AB Lovati","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lovati, A. B. & Bottagisio, M. M. M. Decellularized and engineered tendons as biological substitutes: A critical review. Stem Cells Int. 2016, 7276150 (2016).","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int."},{"key":"93951_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2017.252","volume":"83","author":"CS Ong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ong, C. S. et al. 3D bioprinting using stem cells. Pediatr. Res. 83, 223\u2013231 (2018).","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"issue":"24","key":"93951_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3455","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612823666170526094606","volume":"23","author":"N Bhardwaj","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bhardwaj, N., Chouhan, D. & Mandal, B. B. Tissue engineered skin and wound healing: Current strategies and future directions. Curr. Pharm. Des. 23(24), 3455\u20133482 (2017).","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"issue":"3","key":"93951_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2015.0314","volume":"25","author":"FL Maclean","year":"2016","unstructured":"Maclean, F. L., Rodriguez, A. L., Parish, C. L., Williams, R. J. & Nisbet, D. R. Integrating biomaterials and stem cells for neural regeneration. Stem Cells Dev. 25(3), 214\u2013226 (2016).","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev."},{"key":"93951_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2018.07.017","volume":"180","author":"A Ho-Shui-Ling","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ho-Shui-Ling, A. et al. Bone regeneration strategies: Engineered scaffolds, bioactive molecules and stem cells current stage and future perspectives. Biomaterials 180, 143\u2013162 (2018).","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"93951_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.2174\/1574888X12666170608124303","volume":"12","author":"R Nancarrow-Lei","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nancarrow-Lei, R., Mafi, P., Mafi, R. & Khan, W. A systemic review of adult mesenchymal stem cell sources and their multilineage differentiation potential relevant to musculoskeletal tissue repair and regeneration. Curr. Stem Cell Res. Ther. 12, 601\u2013610 (2017).","journal-title":"Curr. Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"issue":"5","key":"93951_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.2174\/156652412800619950","volume":"12","author":"M P De Miguel","year":"2012","unstructured":"P De Miguel, M. et al. Immunosuppressive properties of mesenchymal stem cells: Advances and applications. Curr. Mol. Med. 12(5), 574\u2013591 (2012).","journal-title":"Curr. Mol. Med."},{"key":"93951_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-018-2871-5","volume":"374","author":"G Zheng","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zheng, G. et al. Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles: Regenerative and immunomodulatory effects and potential applications in sepsis. Cell Tissue Res. 374, 1\u201315 (2018).","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"93951_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0225472","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0225472","volume":"14","author":"R Takeuchi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Takeuchi, R., Katagiri, W., Endo, S. & Kobayashi, T. Exosomes from conditioned media of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote bone regeneration by enhancing angiogenesis. PLoS ONE 14(11), e0225472 (2019).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"10","key":"93951_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7224","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.29622","volume":"235","author":"DS Pinto","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pinto, D. S. et al. Modulation of the in vitro angiogenic potential of human mesenchymal stromal cells from different tissue sources. J. Cell Physiol. 235(10), 7224\u20137238 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Cell Physiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"93951_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mattod.2016.12.005","volume":"20","author":"E Garreta","year":"2017","unstructured":"Garreta, E. et al. Tissue engineering by decellularization and 3D bioprinting. Mater. Today 20(4), 166\u2013178 (2017).","journal-title":"Mater. Today"},{"key":"93951_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1074.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2018.12.018","volume":"77","author":"M Scheuermann","year":"2019","unstructured":"Scheuermann, M., Vanreusel, I., Van de Casteele, E. & Nadjmi, N. Spontaneous bone regeneration after closure of the hard palate cleft: A literature review. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 77, 1074.e1-1074.e7 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"93951_CR19","first-page":"53","volume":"16","author":"G Farronato","year":"2014","unstructured":"Farronato, G., Kairyte, L., Giannini, L., Galbiati, G. & Maspero, C. How various surgical protocols of the unilateral cleft lip and palate influence the facial growth and possible orthodontic problems? Which is the best timing of lip, palate and alveolus repair? literature review. Stomatologija. 16, 53\u201360 (2014).","journal-title":"Stomatologija."},{"issue":"8","key":"93951_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2013.08.012","volume":"51","author":"YH Lee","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lee, Y. H. & Liao, Y. F. Hard palate-repair technique and facial growth in patients with cleft lip and palate: A systematic review. Br. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 51(8), 851\u2013857 (2013).","journal-title":"Br. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg."},{"issue":"5","key":"93951_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PRS.0000156777.99552.1D","volume":"115","author":"N Yin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Yin, N. & Zhang, Z. Bone regeneration in the hard palate after cleft palate surgery. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 115(5), 1239\u20131244 (2005).","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstr. Surg."},{"issue":"6","key":"93951_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199106000-00005","volume":"87","author":"SR Cohen","year":"1991","unstructured":"Cohen, S. R., Kalinowski, J., LaRossa, D. & Randall, P. Cleft palate fistulas: A multivariate statistical analysis of prevalence, etiology, and surgical management. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 87(6), 1041\u20131047 (1991).","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstr. Surg."},{"issue":"6","key":"93951_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200111000-00011","volume":"108","author":"AR Muzaffar","year":"2001","unstructured":"Muzaffar, A. R. et al. Incidence of cleft palate fistula: An institutional experience with two-stage palatal repair. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 108(6), 1515\u20131518 (2001).","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstr. Surg."},{"issue":"6","key":"93951_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1597\/09-069","volume":"47","author":"JA Landheer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Landheer, J. A., Breugem, C. C. & Van Mink Der Molen, A. B. Fistula incidence and predictors of fistula occurrence after cleft palate repair: Two-stage closure versus one-stage closure. Cleft Palate-Craniofac. J. 47(6), 623\u2013630 (2010).","journal-title":"Cleft Palate-Craniofac. J."},{"issue":"12","key":"93951_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2008.05.048","volume":"62","author":"MA Parwaz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Parwaz, M. A. et al. Width of cleft palate and postoperative palatal fistula\u2014Do they correlate?. J. Plast. Reconstr. Aesthetic. Surg. 62(12), 1559\u20131563 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Plast. Reconstr. Aesthetic. Surg."},{"issue":"4","key":"93951_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_1998_035_0313_stdopa_2.3.co_2","volume":"35","author":"H Ishikawa","year":"1998","unstructured":"Ishikawa, H. et al. Scar tissue distribution on palates and its relation to maxillary dental arch form. Cleft Palate-Craniofac. J. 35(4), 313\u2013319 (1998).","journal-title":"Cleft Palate-Craniofac. J."},{"key":"93951_CR27","first-page":"37","volume":"7","author":"RB Ross","year":"1970","unstructured":"Ross, R. B. The clinical implications of facial growth in cleft lip and palate. Cleft Palate J. 7, 37\u201347 (1970).","journal-title":"Cleft Palate J."},{"key":"93951_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1597\/05-058","volume":"43","author":"YF Liao","year":"2006","unstructured":"Liao, Y. F. & Mars, M. Hard palate repair timing and facial growth in cleft lip and palate: A systematic review. Cleft Palate Craniofac. J. 43, 563\u2013570 (2006).","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac. J."},{"issue":"9","key":"93951_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2176","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20092176","volume":"20","author":"M Mart\u00edn-Del-Campo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mart\u00edn-Del-Campo, M., Rosales-Iba\u00f1ez, R. & Rojo, L. Biomaterials for cleft lip and palate regeneration. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 20(9), 2176 (2019).","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"93951_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e31816aaaad","volume":"19","author":"RG Jansen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jansen, R. G., Kuijpers-Jagtman, A. M., Van Kuppevelt, T. H. & Von Den Hoff, J. W. Collagen scaffolds implanted in the palatal mucosa. J. Craniofac. Surg. 19(3), 599\u2013608 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Craniofac. Surg."},{"key":"93951_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2019.05.035","volume":"92","author":"W Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li, W. et al. Polymer-integrated amnion scaffold significantly improves cleft palate repair. Acta Biomater. 92, 104\u2013114 (2019).","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"issue":"2","key":"93951_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1177\/1055665619868868","volume":"57","author":"T Abe","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abe, T. et al. Bone regeneration in a canine model of artificial jaw cleft using bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and carbonate hydroxyapatite carrier. Cleft Palate-Craniofac. J. 57(2), 208\u2013217 (2020).","journal-title":"Cleft Palate-Craniofac. J."},{"issue":"4","key":"93951_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2015.11.033","volume":"74","author":"A Jahanbin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jahanbin, A. et al. Success of maxillary alveolar defect repair in rats using osteoblast-differentiated human deciduous dental pulp stem cells. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 74(4), 829.e1-829.e9 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg."},{"issue":"3","key":"93951_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2018.02.156","volume":"497","author":"K Nakajima","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nakajima, K. et al. Comparison of the bone regeneration ability between stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, human dental pulp stem cells and human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 497(3), 876\u2013882 (2018).","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"issue":"2","key":"93951_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2009.03.040","volume":"108","author":"H Behnia","year":"2009","unstructured":"Behnia, H. et al. Secondary repair of alveolar clefts using human mesenchymal stem cells. Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endodontol. 108(2), e1\u2013e6 (2009).","journal-title":"Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endodontol."},{"issue":"2","key":"93951_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"022003","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-6041\/11\/2\/022003","volume":"11","author":"M Parmaksiz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Parmaksiz, M., Dogan, A., Odabas, S., El\u00e7in, A. E. & El\u00e7in, Y. M. Clinical applications of decellularized extracellular matrices for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Biomed. Mater. 11(2), 022003 (2016).","journal-title":"Biomed. Mater."},{"key":"93951_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gilpin, A. & Yang, Y. Decellularization strategies for regenerative medicine: From processing techniques to applications. BioMed Res. Int. 2017, 9831534. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2017\/9831534 (2017).","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/9831534"},{"key":"93951_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5386","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20215386","volume":"20","author":"H Abdelrazik","year":"2019","unstructured":"Abdelrazik, H. et al. Substantial overview on mesenchymal stem cell biological and physical properties as an opportunity in translational medicine. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 20, 5386 (2019).","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"93951_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2014.0155","volume":"24","author":"MM Rosado","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rosado, M. M. et al. Inhibition of B-cell proliferation and antibody production by mesenchymal stromal cells is mediated by T cells. Stem Cells Dev. 24(1), 93\u2013103 (2015).","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev."},{"issue":"47","key":"93951_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77416","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.12678","volume":"7","author":"A Conforti","year":"2016","unstructured":"Conforti, A. et al. Resistance to neoplastic transformation of ex-vivo expanded human mesenchymal stromal cells after exposure to supramaximal physical and chemical stress. Oncotarget 7(47), 77416\u201377429 (2016).","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"5","key":"93951_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.13158","volume":"101","author":"FW Thielen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Thielen, F. W. et al. Second-line treatment for acute graft-versus-host disease with mesenchymal stromal cells: A decision model. Eur. J. Haematol. 101(5), 676\u2013683 (2018).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Haematol."},{"key":"93951_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.teb.2017.0305","volume":"24","author":"D Confalonieri","year":"2018","unstructured":"Confalonieri, D., Schwab, A., Walles, H. & Ehlicke, F. Advanced therapy medicinal products: A guide for bone marrow-derived MSC application in bone and cartilage tissue engineering. Tissue Eng. Part B Rev. 24, 155\u2013169 (2018).","journal-title":"Tissue Eng. Part B Rev."},{"key":"93951_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2013.12.012","volume":"32","author":"CW Cheng","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cheng, C. W., Solorio, L. D. & Alsberg, E. Decellularized tissue and cell-derived extracellular matrices as scaffolds for orthopaedic tissue engineering. Biotechnol. Adv. 32, 462\u2013484 (2014).","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Adv."},{"issue":"1","key":"93951_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201800434RR","volume":"33","author":"R Correa","year":"2019","unstructured":"Correa, R. et al. Synthetic cementum protein 1\u2013derived peptide regulates mineralization in vitro and promotes bone regeneration in vivo. FASEB J. 33(1), 1167\u20131178 (2019).","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"93951_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2015.00228","volume":"9","author":"L Leone","year":"2015","unstructured":"Leone, L., Podda, M. V. & Grassi, C. Impact of electromagnetic fields on stem cells: Common mechanisms at the crossroad between adult neurogenesis and osteogenesis. Front. Cell Neurosci. 9, 228. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fncel.2015.00228 (2015) (eCollection 2015).","journal-title":"Front. Cell Neurosci."},{"key":"93951_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2016.02.001","volume":"52\u201354","author":"EM Rosset","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rosset, E. M. & Bradshaw, A. D. SPARC\/osteonectin in mineralized tissue. Matrix Biol. 52\u201354, 78\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.matbio.2016.02.001 (2016) (Epub 2016 Feb 3).","journal-title":"Matrix Biol."},{"issue":"9","key":"93951_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.3390\/ma12091360","volume":"12","author":"M Mattioli-Belmonte","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mattioli-Belmonte, M. et al. Cell-free demineralized bone matrix for mesenchymal stem cells survival and colonization. Materials 12(9), 1360 (2019).","journal-title":"Materials"},{"issue":"6","key":"93951_CR48","first-page":"153","volume":"5","author":"G Pozzato","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pozzato, G. & Vignato, G. Teoria della risonanza quantica molecolare nella realizzazione del bisturi elettronico \u201cVesalius\u201d. Quintessence Int. 5(6), 153\u2013155 (2003).","journal-title":"Quintessence Int."},{"issue":"1","key":"93951_CR49","first-page":"49","volume":"19","author":"M Dal Maschio","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dal Maschio, M. et al. Biophysical effects of high frequency electrical field (4\u201364 MHz) on muscle fibers in culture. Basic Appl. Myol. 19(1), 49\u201356 (2009).","journal-title":"Basic Appl. Myol."},{"key":"93951_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175628482092322","DOI":"10.1177\/1756284820923220","volume":"13","author":"M Marzaro","year":"2020","unstructured":"Marzaro, M. Successful muscle regeneration by a homologous microperforated scaffold seeded with autologous mesenchymal stromal cells in a porcine esophageal substition model. Ther. Adv. Gastroenterol. 13, 1756284820923220 (2020).","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"1","key":"93951_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-18676-1","volume":"8","author":"A Mastrodonato","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mastrodonato, A. et al. Olfactory memory is enhanced in mice exposed to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields via Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin dependent modulation of subventricular zone neurogenesis. Sci. Rep. 8(1), 1\u201315 (2018).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-93951-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-93951-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-93951-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,3]],"date-time":"2022-12-03T11:18:59Z","timestamp":1670066339000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-93951-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,16]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["93951"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-93951-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 November 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 May 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 July 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"14570"}}