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Early phase <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FP-CIT (eCIT) can assess the regional brain activity for differential diagnosis among parkinsonism similar with <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG PET. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of dual phase <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FP-CIT PET (dual CIT) and <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG PET compared with clinical diagnosis in 141 subjects [36 with idiopathic Parkinson\u2019s disease (IPD), 77 with multiple system atrophy (MSA), 18 with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and 10 with non-DP)]. Visual assessment of eCIT, dCIT, dual CIT, <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG and <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG PET with dCIT was in agreement with the clinical diagnosis in 61.7%, 69.5%, 95.7%, 81.6%, and 97.2% of cases, respectively. ECIT showed about 90% concordance with non-DP and MSA, and 8.3% and 27.8% with IPD and PSP, respectively. DCIT showed\u2009\u2265\u200988% concordance with non-DP, IPD, and PSP, and 49.4% concordance with MSA. Dual CIT showed\u2009\u2265\u200990% concordance in all groups. <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG PET showed\u2009\u2265\u200990% concordance with non-DP, MSA, and PSP, but only 33.3% concordance with IPD. The combination of <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG and dCIT yielded\u2009\u2265\u200990% concordance in all groups. Dual CIT may represent a powerful alternative to the combination of <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG PET and dCIT for differential diagnosis of parkinsonian disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-94040-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]],"date-time":"2021-07-22T10:04:09Z","timestamp":1626948249000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Diagnostic accuracy of dual-phase 18F-FP-CIT PET imaging for detection and differential diagnosis of Parkinsonism"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Minyoung","family":"Oh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narae","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chanwoo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hye Joo","family":"Son","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changhwan","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung Jun","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Ju","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sun Ju","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chong Sik","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae Seung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"94040_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(02)00065-9","volume":"24","author":"H Braak","year":"2003","unstructured":"Braak, H. et al. 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