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Mainly deciduous and mixed forests, pastures, and urban parks are habitats preferred by this species. <jats:italic>I. ricinus<\/jats:italic> ticks are also one of the most important reservoirs and vectors of human and animal infectious diseases on the continent. <jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic> s.l. spirochetes causing Lyme borreliosis (LB) in humans and tick borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), which is a causative agent of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), are pathogens with the highest medical importance transmitted by this species. Investigations of the environmental determinants of the occurrence and activity of <jats:italic>I. ricinus<\/jats:italic> are crucial for elucidation of the environmental background of tick-borne diseases. In eastern Poland, <jats:italic>I.\u00a0ricinus<\/jats:italic> is a common species with peak activity recorded in May in the entire region. During this period, 49 females, 32 males, and 55 <jats:italic>I. ricinus<\/jats:italic> nymphs were collected from an area of 900\u00a0m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>. The results of the present study show that the occurrence and seasonal activity of this tick species are mainly influenced by microhabitat conditions, and saturation deficit has a significant effect on the activity of the species. Eastern Poland is characterized by a high incidence of LB and TBE. We have shown a correlation between the forest cover and the number of reported cases of tick-borne diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-95079-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]],"date-time":"2021-07-29T10:03:26Z","timestamp":1627553006000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Environmental determinants of the occurrence and activity of Ixodes ricinus ticks and the prevalence of tick-borne diseases in eastern Poland"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Zbigniew","family":"Zaj\u0105c","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Kulisz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Bartosik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aneta","family":"Wo\u017aniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malwina","family":"Dzier\u017cak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adil","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"95079_CR1","unstructured":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control and European Food Safety Authority. 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