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We aimed to study the effect of erythritol (ERY) and xylitol (XYL) against<jats:italic>Streptococcus pyogenes<\/jats:italic>isolated from peritonsillar abscesses (PTA). We used 31 clinical isolates and 5 throat culture collection strains. Inhibition of bacterial growth by polyols at 2.5%, 5% and 10% concentrations was studied and the results were scored. Amylase levels in PTA pus were compared to polyol effectivity scores (PES). Growth curves of four<jats:italic>S. pyogenes<\/jats:italic>isolates were analysed. Our study showed that XYL was more effective than ERY inhibiting 71\u201397% and 48\u201384% of isolates, respectively, depending of concentrations. 48% of clinical and all throat strains were inhibited by polyols in all concentrations (PES 3). PES was negative or zero in 26% of the isolates in the presence of ERY and in 19% of XYL. ERY enhanced the growth of<jats:italic>S. pyogenes<\/jats:italic>isolated from pus with high amylase levels. Polyols in all concentrations inhibited the growth in exponential phase. In conclusion, ERY and XYL are potent growth inhibitors of<jats:italic>S. pyogenes<\/jats:italic>isolated from PTA. Therefore, ERY and XYL may have potential in preventing PTA in the patients with frequent tonsillitis episodes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-95367-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,4]],"date-time":"2021-08-04T10:03:09Z","timestamp":1628071389000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effect of erythritol and xylitol on Streptococcus pyogenes causing peritonsillar abscesses"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Siiri","family":"K\u00f5ljalg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Risto","family":"Vaikj\u00e4rv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Imbi","family":"Smidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tiiu","family":"R\u00f6\u00f6p","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anirikh","family":"Chakrabarti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Priit","family":"Kasen\u00f5mm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reet","family":"M\u00e4ndar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"95367_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01691493","volume":"14","author":"IJ Mitchelmore","year":"1995","unstructured":"Mitchelmore, I. 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The rest of the authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"15855"}}