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Disruption of Trim28 or of members of this network, including neuronatin, results in an unusual phenotype of a bimodal body weight. To better characterise this variability, we examined the key contributors to energy balance in <jats:italic>Nnat<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>+<jats:italic>\/\u2212p<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup> mice that carry a paternal null allele and do not express <jats:italic>Nnat<\/jats:italic>. Consistent with our previous studies, <jats:italic>Nnat<\/jats:italic> deficient mice on chow diet displayed a bimodal body weight phenotype with more than 30% of <jats:italic>Nnat<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>+<jats:italic>\/\u2212p<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup> mice developing obesity. In response to both a 45% high fat diet and exposure to thermoneutrality (30\u00a0\u00b0C) <jats:italic>Nnat<\/jats:italic> deficient mice maintained the hypervariable body weight phenotype. Within a calorimetry system, food intake in <jats:italic>Nnat<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>+<jats:italic>\/\u2212p<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup> mice was hypervariable, with some mice consuming more than twice the intake seen in wild type littermates. A hyperphagic response was also seen in <jats:italic>Nnat<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>+<jats:italic>\/\u2212p<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup> mice in a second, non-home cage environment. An expected correlation between body weight and energy expenditure was seen, but corrections for the effects of positive energy balance and body weight greatly diminished the effect of neuronatin\u00a0deficiency on energy expenditure. Male and female <jats:italic>Nnat<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>+<jats:italic>\/\u2212p<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup> mice displayed subtle distinctions in the degree of variance body weight\u00a0phenotype and food intake and further sexual dimorphism was reflected in different patterns of hypothalamic gene expression in <jats:italic>Nnat<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>+<jats:italic>\/\u2212p<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup> mice. Loss of the imprinted gene <jats:italic>Nnat<\/jats:italic> is associated with a highly variable food intake, with the impact of this phenotype varying between genetically identical individuals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-96278-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,23]],"date-time":"2021-09-23T14:32:14Z","timestamp":1632407534000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Murine neuronatin deficiency is associated with a hypervariable food intake and bimodal obesity"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Irene","family":"Cimino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debra","family":"Rimmington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y. C. 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