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A total of 49 participants (mean age 75.0\u2009\u00b1\u200913.5\u00a0years) were divided into three groups: (1) BK patients scheduled for DMEK (BK group); (2) patients after DMEK (DMEK group; average postoperative time 1,018\u2009\u00b1\u2009460\u00a0days); and (3) control participants without corneal endothelial disease scheduled for cataract surgery (control group). AqH (0.2\u00a0mL) was collected from\u00a0all participants,\u00a0and the levels of various AqH cytokines were simultaneously measured using a multiplex bead immunoassay. The DMEK group exhibited significantly lower concentrations of several pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1\u03b2, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-8, and granulocyte colony stimulating factor than the BK group. In addition, the levels of IL-1\u03b2 and IL-5 were significantly lower in the DMEK group than in the control group. The AqH levels of several pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly reduced after DMEK, indicating that regeneration of the endothelial pump owing to the transplantation of a healthy endothelium might have a positive effect on anterior chamber inflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-96566-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]],"date-time":"2021-08-23T10:40:23Z","timestamp":1629715223000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Aqueous humour cytokine profiles after Descemet\u2019s membrane endothelial keratoplasty"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Takahiko","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hidenori","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoru","family":"Inoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiki","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hidetoshi","family":"Kawashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takefumi","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoru","family":"Yamagami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"96566_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000243962.60392.4f","volume":"25","author":"GRJ Melles","year":"2006","unstructured":"Melles, G. 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