{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T06:46:45Z","timestamp":1787726805599,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]],"date-time":"2021-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630281600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]],"date-time":"2021-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630281600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Social development project of Shaanxi Province","award":["2018SF-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018SF-001"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2019YFC1200705"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFC1200705"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the present study, surveys of case numbers, constituent ratios, conventional biotyping, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) were applied to characterize the incidence rate and epidemiological characteristics of human brucellosis in Shaanxi Province, China. A total of 12,215 human brucellosis cases were reported during 2008\u20132020, for an annual average incidence rate of 2.48\/100,000. The most significant change was that the county numbers of reported cases increased from 36 in 2008 to 84 in 2020, with a geographic expansion trend from northern\u00a0Shaanxi to Guanzhong, and southern Shaanxi\u00a0regions; the incidence rate declined in previous epidemic northern Shaanxi\u00a0regions while increasing each year in Guanzhong and southern\u00a0Shaanxi regions such as Hancheng and Xianyang. The increased incidence was closely related to the development of large-scale small ruminants (goats and sheep) farms in Guanzhong and some southern Shaanxi regions. Another significant feature was that student cases (n\u2009=\u2009261) were ranked second among all occupations, accounting for 2.14% of the total number of cases, with the majority due to drinking unsterilized goat milk. Three <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic> species were detected (<jats:italic>B. melitensis<\/jats:italic> (bv. 1, 2, 3 and variant), <jats:italic>B. abortus<\/jats:italic> bv. 3\/6, and <jats:italic>B. suis<\/jats:italic> bv. 1) and were mainly distributed in the northern Shaanxi and Guanzhong regions. Three known STs (ST8, ST2, and ST14) were identified based on MLST analysis. The characteristics that had not changed were that <jats:italic>B. melitensis<\/jats:italic> strains belonging to the ST8 population were the dominant species and were observed in all nine regions during the examined periods. Strengthened human and animal brucellosis surveillance and restriction of the transfer of infected sheep (goats) as well as students avoiding drinking raw milk are suggested as optimal control strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-96774-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]],"date-time":"2021-08-30T10:02:57Z","timestamp":1630317777000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Changes in the epidemiological characteristics of human brucellosis in Shaanxi Province from 2008 to 2020"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Cui-hong","family":"An","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi-guo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shou-min","family":"Nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang-xin","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suo-ping","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo-yan","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenjun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji-ru","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"96774_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1093\/bfgp\/elr026","volume":"10","author":"D O'Callaghan","year":"2011","unstructured":"O\u2019Callaghan, D. & Whatmore, A. M. Brucella genomics as we enter the multi-genome era. Brief Funct. Genomics 10, 334\u2013341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bfgp\/elr026 (2011).","journal-title":"Brief Funct. Genomics"},{"key":"96774_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(07)70286-4","volume":"7","author":"MP Franco","year":"2007","unstructured":"Franco, M. P., Mulder, M., Gilman, R. H. & Smits, H. L. Human brucellosis. Lancet. Infect. Dis 7, 775\u2013786 (2007).","journal-title":"Lancet. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"96774_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/s1473-3099(06)70382-6","volume":"6","author":"G Pappas","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pappas, G., Papadimitriou, P., Akritidis, N., Christou, L. & Tsianos, E. V. The new global map of human brucellosis. Lancet Infect Dis 6, 91\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1473-3099(06)70382-6 (2006).","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"96774_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph14030295","author":"MT Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li, M. T., Sun, G. Q., Zhang, W. Y. & Jin, Z. Model-based evaluation of strategies to control Brucellosis in China. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph14030295 (2017).","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"96774_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.03.003","volume":"185","author":"P de Figueiredo","year":"2015","unstructured":"de Figueiredo, P., Ficht, T. A., Rice-Ficht, A., Rossetti, C. A. & Adams, L. G. Pathogenesis and immunobiology of brucellosis: review of Brucella-host interactions. Am. J. Pathol. 185, 1505\u20131517. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.03.003 (2015).","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"96774_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2020.11.014","volume":"18","author":"GQ Sun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sun, G. Q. et al. Transmission dynamics of brucellosis: Mathematical modelling and applications in China. Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J. 18, 3843\u20133860. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.csbj.2020.11.014 (2020).","journal-title":"Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J."},{"key":"96774_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17072382","author":"H Yang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yang, H. et al. Epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal trend analysis of human Brucellosis in China, 1950\u20132018. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17072382 (2020).","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"96774_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2020.11.014","volume":"18","author":"GQ Sun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sun, G. Q., Li, M. T., Zhang, J., Zhang, W. & Jin, Z. Transmission dynamics of brucellosis: mathematical modelling and applications in China. Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J. 18, 3843\u20133860 (2020).","journal-title":"Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J."},{"key":"96774_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.13518","author":"C Peng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Peng, C., Zhou, H., Guan, P., Wu, W. & Huang, D. S. An estimate of the incidence and quantitative risk assessment of human brucellosis in mainland China. Transbound. Emerg. Dis. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/tbed.13518 (2020).","journal-title":"Transbound. Emerg. Dis."},{"key":"96774_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e10113","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.10113","volume":"8","author":"Z Yang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yang, Z. et al. Spatiotemporal expansion of human brucellosis in Shaanxi Province, Northwestern China and model for risk prediction. PeerJ 8, e10113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717\/peerj.10113 (2020).","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"96774_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8730","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0800323105","volume":"105","author":"G Margos","year":"2008","unstructured":"Margos, G. et al. MLST of housekeeping genes captures geographic population structure and suggests a European origin of Borrelia burgdorferi. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105, 8730\u20138735. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0800323105 (2008).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"96774_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-019-1665-6","volume":"19","author":"ZG Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu, Z. G. et al. Investigation of the molecular characteristics of Brucella isolates from Guangxi Province, China. BMC Microbiol. 19, 292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12866-019-1665-6 (2019).","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"96774_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3140","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.6.3140","volume":"95","author":"MC Maiden","year":"1998","unstructured":"Maiden, M. C. et al. Multilocus sequence typing: a portable approach to the identification of clones within populations of pathogenic microorganisms. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95, 3140\u20133145. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.95.6.3140 (1998).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"issue":"7","key":"96774_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3000410","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3000410","volume":"18","author":"N Sert","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sert, N. et al. The ARRIVE guidelines 2.0: Updated guidelines for reporting animal research. PLOS Biol. 18(7), e3000410 (2020).","journal-title":"PLOS Biol."},{"key":"96774_CR15","unstructured":"China., N. H. C. o. t. P. s. R. o. Diagnosis for Brucellosis (WS 269\u20142019). (2019)."},{"key":"96774_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-020-00697-0","volume":"9","author":"HT Yuan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yuan, H. T. et al. Epidemiologically characteristics of human brucellosis and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Brucella melitensis in Hinggan League of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. Infect. Dis. Poverty 9, 79. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40249-020-00697-0 (2020).","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Poverty"},{"key":"96774_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-016-0123-z","volume":"5","author":"JY Ma","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ma, J. Y. et al. MLVA and MLST typing of Brucella from Qinghai, China. Infect. Dis. Poverty 5, 26. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40249-016-0123-z (2016).","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Poverty"},{"key":"96774_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2302.151710","volume":"23","author":"S Lai","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lai, S. et al. Changing epidemiology of human Brucellosis, China, 1955\u20132014. Emerging Infect. Dis. 23, 184\u2013194. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid2302.151710 (2017).","journal-title":"Emerging Infect. Dis."},{"key":"96774_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-13-514","volume":"13","author":"Y Chen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chen, Y. et al. Changes of predominant species\/biovars and sequence types of Brucella isolates, Inner Mongolia, China. BMC Infect. Dis. 13, 514. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2334-13-514 (2013).","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"96774_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.13896","author":"Y Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang, Y. et al. An epidemiological study of brucellosis on mainland China during 2004\u20132018. Transbound. Emerg. Dis. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/tbed.13896 (2020).","journal-title":"Transbound. Emerg. Dis."},{"key":"96774_CR21","unstructured":"DAILY.com.cn, C. Shaanxi cultivates the entire industrial chain of 100 billion dairy goats and promotes the development of characteristic modern animal husbandry, <https:\/\/baijiahao.baidu.com\/s?id=1620905831067533336&wfr=spider&for=pc> (2018)."},{"key":"96774_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2012.12.030","volume":"17","author":"Z Zhong","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhong, Z. et al. Human brucellosis in the People\u2019s Republic of China during 2005\u20132010. Int. J. Infect. Dis. 17, e289-292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2012.12.030 (2013).","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"96774_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.cn112338-20190901-00642","volume":"41","author":"SN Du","year":"2020","unstructured":"Du, S. N. et al. Epidemiological characteristics of human brucellosis in Tongliao city of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 2004\u20132018. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 41, 1063\u20131067. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3760\/cma.j.cn112338-20190901-00642 (2020).","journal-title":"Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"96774_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.2147\/idr.S236326","volume":"13","author":"Z Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu, Z. et al. Analysis of the Epidemiological, Clinical Characteristics, Treatment and Prognosis of Human Brucellosis During 2014\u20132018 in Huludao, China. Infect. Drug Resist. 13, 435\u2013445. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/idr.S236326 (2020).","journal-title":"Infect. Drug Resist."},{"key":"96774_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.15537\/smj.2019.10.24027","volume":"40","author":"M Al Anazi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Al Anazi, M., AlFayyad, I., AlOtaibi, R. & Abu-Shaheen, A. Epidemiology of Brucellosis in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med. J. 40, 981\u2013988. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15537\/smj.2019.10.24027 (2019).","journal-title":"Saudi Med. J."},{"key":"96774_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.02.019","volume":"93","author":"J Enkelmann","year":"2020","unstructured":"Enkelmann, J., Stark, K. & Faber, M. Epidemiological trends of notified human brucellosis in Germany, 2006\u20132018. Int. J. Infect. Dis. 93, 353\u2013358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.02.019 (2020).","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"96774_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2015.12.006","volume":"9","author":"HG Garcell","year":"2016","unstructured":"Garcell, H. G. et al. Outbreaks of brucellosis related to the consumption of unpasteurized camel milk. J. Infect. Public Health 9, 523\u2013527. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jiph.2015.12.006 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Infect. Public Health"},{"key":"96774_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1007\/s10354-019-0685-z","volume":"169","author":"B Pourakbari","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pourakbari, B. et al. Epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of childhood brucellosis: A study in an Iranian children\u2019s referral hospital. Wien Med. Wochenschr. 169, 232\u2013239. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10354-019-0685-z (2019).","journal-title":"Wien Med. Wochenschr."},{"key":"96774_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2019.108775","volume":"128","author":"M Dadar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dadar, M., Fakhri, Y., Shahali, Y. & Mousavi Khaneghah, A. Contamination of milk and dairy products by Brucella species: A global systematic review and meta-analysis. Food Res. Int. 128, 108775. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.foodres.2019.108775 (2020).","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"96774_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2020.03.025","volume":"41","author":"RY Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu, R. Y. et al. Investigation of human brucellosis cases in newly affected counties in Sichuan province, 2015\u20132017. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 41, 412\u2013416. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2020.03.025 (2020).","journal-title":"Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"96774_CR31","first-page":"43","volume":"42","author":"BAV Cama","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cama, B. A. V. et al. Outbreak of Brucella melitensis infection in Eastern Sicily: Risk factors, clinical characteristics and complication rate. New Microbiol. 42, 43\u201348 (2019).","journal-title":"New Microbiol."},{"key":"96774_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4067","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2019.10672","volume":"20","author":"J Yang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yang, J. et al. Dihydroartemisinin inhibits multiplication of Brucella suis vaccine strain 2 in murine microglia BV2 cells via stimulation of caspase-dependent apoptosis. Mol. Med. Rep. 20, 4067\u20134072. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/mmr.2019.10672 (2019).","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"96774_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2020.1788995","volume":"9","author":"X Zhu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhu, X. et al. Brucella melitensis, a latent \u201ctravel bacterium,\u201d continual spread and expansion from Northern to Southern China and its relationship to worldwide lineages. Emerg. Microbes Infect. 9, 1618\u20131627. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/22221751.2020.1788995 (2020).","journal-title":"Emerg. Microbes Infect."},{"key":"96774_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539444","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.539444","volume":"7","author":"Z Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu, Z. et al. Investigation of genetic relatedness of Brucella strains in countries along the silk road. Front. Vet. Sci. 7, 539444. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2020.539444 (2020).","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"96774_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0213689","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0213689","volume":"14","author":"F De Massis","year":"2019","unstructured":"De Massis, F. et al. Distribution of Brucella field strains isolated from livestock, wildlife populations, and humans in Italy from 2007 to 2015. PLoS ONE 14, e0213689. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0213689 (2019).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"96774_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3276","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.02538-10","volume":"49","author":"S Kili\u00e7","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kili\u00e7, S. et al. Multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis genotyping of human Brucella isolates from Turkey. J. Clin. Microbiol. 49, 3276\u20133283. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.02538-10 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"96774_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2016.07.025","volume":"44","author":"MJ Sun","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sun, M. J. et al. Genotyping of Brucella melitensis and Brucella abortus strains currently circulating in Xinjiang, China. Infect. Genet Evol. 44, 522\u2013529. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.meegid.2016.07.025 (2016).","journal-title":"Infect. Genet Evol."},{"key":"96774_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-018-1149-0","volume":"18","author":"DR Piao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Piao, D. R. et al. Genetic polymorphisms identify in species\/biovars of Brucella isolated in China between 1953 and 2013 by MLST. BMC Microbiol. 18, 7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12866-018-1149-0 (2018).","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"96774_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2186027","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/2186027","volume":"2018","author":"X Cao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cao, X., Shang, Y., Liu, Y., Li, Z. & Jing, Z. Genetic characterization of animal Brucella isolates from Northwest Region in China. Biomed Res. Int. 2018, 2186027. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2018\/2186027 (2018).","journal-title":"Biomed Res. Int."},{"key":"96774_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2020.1754137","volume":"9","author":"H Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang, H. et al. Molecular investigation of infection sources and transmission chains of brucellosis in Zhejiang, China. Emerg. Microbes Infect 9, 889\u2013899. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/22221751.2020.1754137 (2020).","journal-title":"Emerg. Microbes Infect"},{"key":"96774_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms7100398","author":"L Sacchini","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sacchini, L. et al. Whole genome sequencing for tracing geographical origin of imported cases of human brucellosis in Sweden. Microorganisms. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/microorganisms7100398 (2019).","journal-title":"Microorganisms."},{"key":"96774_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.000446","author":"A Janowicz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Janowicz, A. et al. Evolutionary history and current distribution of the West Mediterranean lineage of Brucella melitensis in Italy. Microb. Genom. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/mgen.0.000446 (2020).","journal-title":"Microb. Genom."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-96774-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-96774-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-96774-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,3]],"date-time":"2022-12-03T13:17:41Z","timestamp":1670073461000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-96774-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["96774"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-96774-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 April 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 August 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 August 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"17367"}}