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Although these ASD-related genes are detected in glial cells such as microglia, the effect of Chd8 or Tsc2 deficiency on microglial functions and microglia-mediated brain development remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of microglial Chd8 and Tsc2 in cytokine expression, phagocytosis activity, and neuro\/gliogenesis from neural stem cells (NSCs) in vitro. Chd8 or Tsc2 knockdown in microglia reduced insulin-like growth factor-1(Igf1) expression under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. In addition, phagocytosis activity was inhibited by Tsc2 deficiency, microglia-mediated oligodendrocyte development was inhibited, in particular, the differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells to oligodendrocytes was prevented by Chd8 or Tsc2 deficiency. These results suggest that ASD-related gene expression in microglia is involved in oligodendrocyte differentiation, which may contribute to the white matter pathology relating to ASD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-97257-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,8]],"date-time":"2021-09-08T10:02:46Z","timestamp":1631095366000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Microglial ASD-related genes are involved in oligodendrocyte differentiation"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Yuta","family":"Takanezawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shogo","family":"Tanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daiki","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rie","family":"Ozeki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masayo","family":"Komoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatsunori","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroko","family":"Baba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rieko","family":"Muramatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"97257_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2346","volume":"9","author":"BS Abrahams","year":"2008","unstructured":"Abrahams, B. 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