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Intrinsic foot muscles regulate arch deformation, making them important for foot function. In this study we explore the hypothesis that normal daily activity in minimal footwear, which provides little or no support, increases foot muscle strength. Western adults wore minimal footwear for a six-month period (the \u201cintervention\u201d group). Foot strength, i.e., maximum isometric plantarflexion strength at the metatarsophalangeal joints, and foot biometrics were measured before and after the intervention. An additional group was investigated to add further insight on the long-term effects of footwear, consisting of Western adults with an average 2.5\u00a0years of experience in minimal footwear (the \u201cexperienced\u201d group). This study shows that foot strength increases by, on average, 57.4% (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) after six months of daily activity in minimal footwear. The experienced group had similar foot strength as the post intervention group, suggesting that six months of regular minimal footwear use is sufficient to gain full strength, which may aid healthy balance and gait.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-98070-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]],"date-time":"2021-09-20T06:02:53Z","timestamp":1632117773000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Daily activity in minimal footwear increases foot strength"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Rory","family":"Curtis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Willems","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Paoletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristiaan","family":"D\u2019Ao\u00fbt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1556","key":"98070_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3301","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2010.0035","volume":"365","author":"RH Crompton","year":"2010","unstructured":"Crompton, R. 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