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The present study comprised of 220 patients with HF, and peak V\u0307O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> was examined at 2 and 5\u00a0months after CR. Of the 220 patients, 110 (50%) had a low peak V\u0307O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> of\u2009&lt;\u200914\u00a0mL\/min\/kg at 2\u00a0months. The peak V\u0307O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> improved in 86 of these 110 (78%) patients at 5\u00a0months after CR. During a median follow-up of 6\u00a0years, the patients with improvement in peak V\u0307O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, compared to those without peak V\u0307O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> improvement, had a lower rate of mortality (4% vs. 29%, log-rank, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and HF hospitalization (6 vs. 17%, log-rank, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.044) and a lower incidence of new-onset atrial arrhythmias (9 vs. 27%, log-rank, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.013), with no difference in the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias between groups (1 vs. 4%, log-rank, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.309). The majority of deaths in the patients without an improved peak V\u0307O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> were because of cardiovascular events (73%), particularly progressive HF (55%). Early detection and management of atrial arrhythmias may improve outcomes in patients without peak V\u0307O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> improvement after CR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-98172-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]],"date-time":"2021-09-21T10:21:27Z","timestamp":1632219687000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Impact of exercise capacity on the long-term incidence of atrial arrhythmias in heart failure"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Tetsuri","family":"Sakai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Atsuhiko","family":"Yagishita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Morise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susumu","family":"Sakama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Ijichi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kengo","family":"Ayabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mari","family":"Amino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuji","family":"Ikari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Koichiro","family":"Yoshioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"98172_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.83.3.778","volume":"83","author":"DM Mancini","year":"1991","unstructured":"Mancini, D. 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