{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:27:00Z","timestamp":1792790820470,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]],"date-time":"2021-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632182400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]],"date-time":"2021-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632182400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01mmady97","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Bacterial colonization of drivelines represents a major adverse event in the implantation of left ventricular assist devices (L-VADs) for the treatment of congestive heart failure. From the external driveline interface and through the skin breach, pathogens can ascend to the pump pocket, endangering the device function and the patient\u2019s life. Surface Micro-Engineered Biosynthesized cellulose (BC) is an implantable biomaterial, which minimizes fibrotic tissue deposition and promotes healthy tissue regeneration. The topographic arrangement of cellulose fibers and the typical material porosity support its potential protective function against bacterial permeation; however, this application has not been tested in clinically relevant animal models. Here, a goat model was adopted to evaluate the barrier function of BC membranes. The external silicone mantle of commercial L-VAD drivelines was implanted percutaneously with an intervening layer of BC to separate them from the surrounding soft tissue. End-point evaluation at 6 and 12\u00a0weeks of two separate animal groups revealed the local bacterial colonization at the different interfaces in comparison with unprotected driveline mantle controls. The results demonstrate that the BC membranes established an effective barrier against the bacterial colonization of the outer driveline interface. The containment of pathogen infiltration, in combination with the known anti-fibrotic effect of BC, may promote a more efficient immune clearance upon driveline implantation and support the efficacy of local antibiotic treatments, therefore mitigating the risk connected to their percutaneous deployment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-98220-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]],"date-time":"2021-09-21T06:21:27Z","timestamp":1632205287000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["On the function of biosynthesized cellulose as barrier against bacterial colonization of VAD drivelines"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Julius","family":"Kaemmel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aldo","family":"Ferrari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Robotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Bottan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fritz","family":"Eichenseher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanja","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mercedes","family":"Gonzalez Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrej","family":"Trampuz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaime-J\u00fcrgen","family":"Eulert-Grehn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Knosalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evgenij","family":"Potapov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Volkmar","family":"Falk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Starck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"98220_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.2.194","volume":"289","author":"MM Redfield","year":"2003","unstructured":"Redfield, M. M. et al. Burden of systolic and diastolic ventricular dysfunction in the community: Appreciating the scope of the heart failure epidemic. JAMA 289, 194\u2013202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.289.2.194 (2003).","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"98220_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3068","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.0000039105.49749.6f","volume":"106","author":"DM Lloyd-Jones","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lloyd-Jones, D. M. et al. Lifetime risk for developing congestive heart failure: The Framingham Heart Study. Circulation 106, 3068\u20133072. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.cir.0000039105.49749.6f (2002).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"98220_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1161\/HHF.0b013e318291329a","volume":"6","author":"PA Heidenreich","year":"2013","unstructured":"Heidenreich, P. A. et al. Forecasting the impact of heart failure in the United States: A policy statement from the American Heart Association. Circ. Heart Fail. 6, 606\u2013619. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/HHF.0b013e318291329a (2013).","journal-title":"Circ. Heart Fail."},{"key":"98220_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa012175","volume":"345","author":"EA Rose","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rose, E. A. et al. Long-term use of a left ventricular assist device for end-stage heart failure. New Engl. J. Med. 345, 1435\u20131443. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa012175 (2001).","journal-title":"New Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"98220_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ponikowski, P. et al. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: The Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur. J. Heart Fail. 18, 891\u2013975. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejhf.592 (2016).","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.592"},{"key":"98220_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2018.01.1294","volume":"37","author":"JK Kirklin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kirklin, J. K. et al. Second annual report from the ISHLT mechanically assisted circulatory support registry. J. Heart Lung Transplant 37, 685\u2013691. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.healun.2018.01.1294 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"98220_CR7","unstructured":"ISHLT Transplant Registry Quarterly Reports for Heart in Europe (Survival Rates 2013\u20132016); Access Date: 29.03.2020. https:\/\/ishltregistries.org\/registries\/quarterlyDataReportResults.asp?organ=HR&rptType=all&continent=3."},{"key":"98220_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2012.05.004","volume":"31","author":"DJ Goldstein","year":"2012","unstructured":"Goldstein, D. J. et al. Continuous-flow devices and percutaneous site infections: Clinical outcomes. J. Heart Lung Transplant 31, 1151\u20131157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.healun.2012.05.004 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"98220_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.112.128132","volume":"127","author":"RJ Gordon","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gordon, R. J. et al. Prospective, multicenter study of ventricular assist device infections. Circulation 127, 691\u2013702. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/circulationaha.112.128132 (2013).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"98220_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2017.07.005","volume":"36","author":"JK Kirklin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kirklin, J. K. et al. Eighth annual INTERMACS report: Special focus on framing the impact of adverse events. J. 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Organs"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-98220-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-98220-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-98220-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,3]],"date-time":"2022-12-03T10:55:29Z","timestamp":1670064929000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-98220-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["98220"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-98220-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 March 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 September 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 September 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"S.B., F.R. and A.F. are working for Hylomorph AG. No further conflict of interest relevant to this article has been reported.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"18776"}}