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However, the temporal relationship between development of coronary microvascular endothelial dysfunction and deterioration in diastolic and systolic cardiac function after short-term feeding with HFD has not yet been studied. This study aimed to correlate the changes in coronary microvascular endothelial function and global cardiac performance indices in vivo after short-term feeding with HFD in mice. Short-term feeding with a HFD (60% fat\u2009+\u20091% cholesterol) resulted in severely impaired coronary microvascular function, as evidenced by the diminished effect of nitric oxide synthase inhibition (by L-NAME) assessed using T\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    mapping via in vivo MRI. Deterioration of coronary microvascular function was detected as early as after 7\u00a0days of HFD and further declined after 8\u00a0weeks on a HFD. HFD-induced coronary microvascular dysfunction was not associated with impaired myocardial capillary density and was present before systemic insulin resistance assessed by a glucose tolerance test. Basal coronary flow and coronary reserve, as assessed using the A\n                    <jats:sub>2A<\/jats:sub>\n                    adenosine receptor agonist regadenoson, were also not altered in HFD-fed mice. Histological analysis did not reveal cardiomyocyte hypertrophy or fibrosis. Increased lipid accumulation in cardiomyocytes was detected as early as after 7\u00a0days of HFD and remained at a similar level at 8\u00a0weeks on a HFD. Multiparametric cardiac MRI revealed a reduction in systolic heart function, including decreased ejection rate, increased end-systolic volume and decreased myocardial strain in diastole with impaired ejection fraction, but not until 4\u00a0weeks of HFD. Short-term feeding with HFD resulted in early endothelial dysfunction in coronary microcirculation that preceded alteration in cardiac function and systemic insulin resistance.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-98401-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,23]],"date-time":"2021-09-23T06:57:49Z","timestamp":1632380269000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["MRI-based in vivo detection of coronary microvascular dysfunction before alterations in cardiac function induced by short-term high-fat diet in mice"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Grzegorz","family":"Kwiatkowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Bar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Jasztal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Ch\u0142opicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"98401_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fluiddyn.2004.02.005","volume":"37","author":"T Matsumoto","year":"2005","unstructured":"Matsumoto, T. & Kajiya, F. 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