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DEX and TGF\u03b22 both caused a significant increase or decrease in the TEER values and FITC dextran permeability. During the 3D spheroid culture, DEX or TGF\u03b22 induced a mild and significant down-sizing and an increase in stiffness, respectively. TGF\u03b22 induced a significant up-regulation of COL1 and 4, FN, \u03b1-SMA, and MMP 2 and 14 (2D) or COL1 and 6, and TIMP2 and 3 (3D), and DEX induced a significant up-regulation of FN (3D) and TIMP4 (2D and 3D). The findings presented herein indicate that DEX or TGF\u03b22 resulted in mild and severe down-sized and stiff 3D HTM spheroids, respectively, thus making them viable in vitro HTM models for steroid-induced and primary open angle glaucoma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-98766-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,29]],"date-time":"2021-09-29T10:25:07Z","timestamp":1632911107000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Establishment of appropriate glaucoma models using dexamethasone or TGF\u03b22 treated three-dimension (3D) cultured human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Megumi","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yosuke","family":"Ida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Ohguro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiaki","family":"Ota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fumihito","family":"Hikage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"98766_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2005.081224","volume":"90","author":"HA Quigley","year":"2006","unstructured":"Quigley, H. 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