{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T13:21:05Z","timestamp":1794057665957,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]],"date-time":"2021-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633392000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]],"date-time":"2021-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633392000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019R1C1C1009881"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019R1C1C1009881"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Korean Association of Orthodontists Foundation","award":["2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study aimed to use artificial intelligence to determine whether biological and psychosocial factors, such as stress, socioeconomic status, and working conditions, were major risk factors for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). Data were retrieved from the fourth Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (2009), with information concerning 4744 participants\u2019 TMDs, demographic factors, socioeconomic status, working conditions, and health-related determinants. Based on variable importance observed from the random forest, the top 20 determinants of self-reported TMDs were body mass index (BMI), household income (monthly), sleep (daily), obesity (subjective), health (subjective), working conditions (control, hygiene, respect, risks, and workload), occupation, education, region (metropolitan), residence type (apartment), stress, smoking status, marital status, and sex. The top 20 determinants of temporomandibular disorders determined via a doctor\u2019s diagnosis were BMI, age, household income (monthly), sleep (daily), obesity (subjective), working conditions (control, hygiene, risks, and workload), household income (subjective), subjective health, education, smoking status, residence type\u00a0(apartment), region (metropolitan), sex, marital status, and allergic rhinitis. This study supports the hypothesis, highlighting the importance of obesity, general health, stress, socioeconomic status, and working conditions in the management of TMDs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-98837-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]],"date-time":"2021-10-05T11:41:58Z","timestamp":1633434118000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Risk factor assessments of temporomandibular disorders via machine learning"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Kwang-Sig","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nayansi","family":"Jha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoon-Ji","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"98837_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jebdp.2011.06.002","volume":"11","author":"SF Dworkin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dworkin, S. F. Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) pain-related disability found related to depression, nonspecific physical symptoms, and pain duration at 3 international sites. J. Evid. Based Dent. Pract. 11, 143\u2013144 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Evid. Based Dent. Pract."},{"key":"98837_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.2017.879","volume":"223","author":"S Ghurye","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ghurye, S. & McMillan, R. Orofacial pain\u2014An update on diagnosis and management. Br. Dent. J. 223, 639\u2013647 (2017).","journal-title":"Br. Dent. J."},{"key":"98837_CR3","volume-title":"Management of Temporomandibular Disorders and Occlusion-E Book","author":"J Okeson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Okeson, J. & Jeffrey, P. Management of Temporomandibular Disorders and Occlusion-E Book (Mosby, 2019)."},{"key":"98837_CR4","unstructured":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. Facial Pain. Preprint at https:\/\/www.nidcr.nih.gov\/research\/data-statistics\/facial-pain (2018)."},{"key":"98837_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.11607\/jop.1151","volume":"28","author":"E Schiffman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schiffman, E. et al. Diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (DC\/TMD) for clinical and research applications: Recommendations of the International RDC\/TMD Consortium Network and Orofacial Pain Special Interest Group. J. Oral Facial Pain Headache 28, 6 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Oral Facial Pain Headache"},{"key":"98837_CR6","unstructured":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. Prevalence of TMJD and its signs and symptoms. Preprint at https:\/\/www.nidcr.nih.gov\/research\/data-statistics\/facial-pain\/prevalence (2018)."},{"key":"98837_CR7","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Orofacial Pain. Recent Advances in Assessment, Management, and Understanding of Mechanisms","author":"BJ Sessle","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sessle, B. J. The societal, political, educational, scientific and clinical context of orofacial pain. In Orofacial Pain. Recent Advances in Assessment, Management, and Understanding of Mechanisms (ed. Sessle, B. J.) 1\u201315 (IASP Press, 2014)."},{"key":"98837_CR8","volume-title":"Medical Aid Statistics","author":"National Health Insurance Service","year":"2019","unstructured":"National Health Insurance Service. Medical Aid Statistics (National Health Insurance Service, 2019)."},{"key":"98837_CR9","volume-title":"Orofacial Pain-Guidelines for Assessment, Diagnosis and Management","author":"R de Leeuw","year":"2018","unstructured":"de Leeuw, R. & Klasser, G. D. Orofacial Pain-Guidelines for Assessment, Diagnosis and Management 5th edn. (The American Academy of Orofacial Pain, 2018).","edition":"5"},{"key":"98837_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-004-0338-7","volume":"65","author":"D Gesch","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gesch, D. et al. Malocclusions and clinical signs or subjective symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in adults. Results of the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP). J. Orofac. Orthop. 65, 88\u2013103 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Orofac. Orthop."},{"key":"98837_CR11","first-page":"170","volume":"26","author":"JR Jarabak","year":"1956","unstructured":"Jarabak, J. R. An electromyographic analysis of muscular and temporomandibular joint disturbances due to imbalances in occlusion. Angle Orthod. 26, 170\u2013190 (1956).","journal-title":"Angle Orthod."},{"key":"98837_CR12","first-page":"232","volume":"18","author":"T Mundt","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mundt, T. et al. Gender differences in associations between occlusal support and signs of temporomandibular disorders: Results of the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP). Int. J. Prosthodont. 18, 232\u2013239 (2005).","journal-title":"Int. J. Prosthodont."},{"key":"98837_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.4103\/1305-7456.172627","volume":"9","author":"ZD Lila-Krasniqi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lila-Krasniqi, Z. D. et al. Differences between centric relation and maximum intercuspation as possible cause for development of temporomandibular disorder analyzed with T-scan III. Eur. J. Dent. 9, 573\u2013579 (2015).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Dent."},{"key":"98837_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2842.1992.tb01095.x","volume":"19","author":"EL Schiffman","year":"1992","unstructured":"Schiffman, E. L., Fricton, J. R. & Haley, D. The relationship of occlusion, parafunctional habits, and recent life events to mandibular dysfunction in a non-patient population. J. Oral Rehabil. 19, 201 (1992).","journal-title":"J. Oral Rehabil."},{"key":"98837_CR15","first-page":"58","volume":"9","author":"KS Oikarinen","year":"1991","unstructured":"Oikarinen, K. S., Raustia, A. M. & Lathi, J. Signs and symptoms of TMJ dysfunction in patients with mandibular condyle fracture. J. Craniomandibular Pract. 9, 58 (1991).","journal-title":"J. Craniomandibular Pract."},{"key":"98837_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910208100412","volume":"81","author":"GJ Huang","year":"2002","unstructured":"Huang, G. J., LeResche, L., Critchlow, C. W., Martin, M. D. & Drangsholt, M. T. Risk factors for diagnostic subgroups of painful temporomandibular disorders (TMD). J. Dent. Res. 81, 284\u2013288 (2002).","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"98837_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-4052.158075","volume":"15","author":"E Salameh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Salameh, E., Alshaarani, F., Abou Hamed, H. & Abou Nassar, J. Investigation of the relationship between psychosocial stress and temporomandibular disorder in adults by measuring salivary cortisol concentration: A case\u2013control study. J. Indian Prosthodont. Soc. 15, 148 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Indian Prosthodont. Soc."},{"key":"98837_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-7757-2020-0952","volume":"29","author":"DMAO Ferreira","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ferreira, D. M. A. O., Costa, Y. M., Bonjardim, L. R. & Conti, P. C. R. Effects of acute mental stress on conditioned pain modulation in temporomandibular disorders patients and healthy individuals. J. Appl. Oral Sci. 29, e20200952 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Appl. Oral Sci."},{"key":"98837_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/472346","volume":"2014","author":"M Wieckiewicz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wieckiewicz, M. et al. Prevalence and correlation between TMD based on RDC\/TMD diagnoses, oral parafunctions and psychoemotional stress in Polish university students. BioMed. Res. Int. 2014, 472346 (2014).","journal-title":"BioMed. Res. Int."},{"key":"98837_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"T20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2013.07.014","volume":"14","author":"GD Slade","year":"2013","unstructured":"Slade, G. D. et al. Signs and symptoms of first-onset TMD and sociodemographic predictors of its development: The OPPERA prospective cohort study. J. Pain 14, T20\u2013T32 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Pain"},{"key":"98837_CR21","first-page":"1","volume":"8","author":"A Nishiyama","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nishiyama, A., Kino, K., Sugisaki, M. & Tsukagoshi, K. A survey of influence of work environment on temporomandibular disorders-related symptoms in Japan. Head Face Med. 8, 1\u20136 (2013).","journal-title":"Head Face Med."},{"key":"98837_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1080\/00016350410006257","volume":"62","author":"J Ahlberg","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ahlberg, J. et al. Associations of perceived pain and painless TMD-related symptoms with alexithymia and depressive mood in media personnel with or without irregular shift work. Acta Odontol. Scand. 62, 119\u2013123 (2004).","journal-title":"Acta Odontol. Scand."},{"key":"98837_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2010.0017","volume":"141","author":"JL Burris","year":"2010","unstructured":"Burris, J. L., Evans, D. R. & Carlson, C. R. Psychological correlates of medical comorbidities in patients with temporomandibular disorders. J. Am. Dent. Assoc. 141, 22\u201331 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Am. Dent. Assoc."},{"key":"98837_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12710","volume":"46","author":"C Skog","year":"2019","unstructured":"Skog, C., Fjellner, J., Ekberg, E. & H\u00e4ggman-Henrikson, B. Tinnitus as a comorbidity to temporomandibular disorders\u2014A systematic review. J. Oral Rehabil. 46, 87\u201399 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Oral Rehabil."},{"key":"98837_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0191336","volume":"13","author":"HS Song","year":"2018","unstructured":"Song, H. S. et al. Association between temporomandibular disorders, chronic diseases, and ophthalmologic and otolaryngologic disorders in Korean adults: A cross-sectional study. PLoS\u00a0One 13, e0191336 (2018).","journal-title":"PLoS\u00a0One"},{"key":"98837_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyt228","volume":"43","author":"SKY Kweon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kweon, S. K. Y. et al. Data resource profile: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Int. J. Epidemiol. 43, 69\u201377 (2014).","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"98837_CR27","volume":"2","author":"MJ Van der Laan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Van der Laan, M. J. Statistical inference for variable importance. Int. J. Biostat. 2, 2 (2006).","journal-title":"Int. J. Biostat."},{"key":"98837_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010933404324","volume":"45","author":"L Breiman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Breiman, L. Random forests. Mach. Learn. 45, 5\u201332 (2001).","journal-title":"Mach. Learn"},{"key":"98837_CR29","first-page":"473","volume":"88","author":"AM Chisnoiu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chisnoiu, A. M. et al. Factors involved in the etiology of temporomandibular disorders\u2014A literature review. Clujul Med. 88, 473\u2013478 (2015).","journal-title":"Clujul Med."},{"key":"98837_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coms.2018.04.011","volume":"30","author":"R Ohrbach","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ohrbach, R. & Michelotti, A. The role of stress in the etiology of oral parafunction and myofascial pain. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. Clin. North Am. 30, 369\u2013379 (2018).","journal-title":"Oral Maxillofac. Surg. Clin. North Am."},{"key":"98837_CR31","first-page":"h7","volume":"83","author":"A Ouanounou","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ouanounou, A., Goldberg, M. & Haas, D. A. Pharmacotherapy in temporomandibular disorders: A review. J. Can. Dent. Assoc. 83, h7 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Can. Dent. Assoc."},{"key":"98837_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s40557-018-0253-9","volume":"30","author":"W Han","year":"2018","unstructured":"Han, W., Kwon, S. C., Lee, Y. J., Park, C. & Jang, E. C. The associations between work-related factors and temporomandibular disorders among female full-time employees: Findings from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey IV (2007\u20132009). Ann. Occup. Environ. Med. 30, 42 (2018).","journal-title":"Ann. Occup. Environ. Med."},{"key":"98837_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.13065\/jksdh.2013.13.05.739","volume":"13","author":"SH Sim","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sim, S. H. & Ha, M. Association between psychological factors and temporomandibular disorders in Korean adults: The fourth Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (2009). J. Korean Soc. Dent. Hyg. 13, 739\u2013747 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Korean Soc. Dent. Hyg."},{"issue":"1","key":"98837_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2017.01.041","volume":"53","author":"CA Pratt","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pratt, C. A. et al. A systematic review of obesity disparities research. Am. J. Prev. Med. 53(1), 113\u2013122 (2017).","journal-title":"Am. J. Prev. Med."},{"key":"98837_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0800770","volume":"22","author":"V Mohamed-Ali","year":"1998","unstructured":"Mohamed-Ali, V., Pinkney, J. H. & Coppack, S. W. Adipose tissue as an endocrine and paracrine organ. Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. 22, 1145\u20131158 (1998).","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord."},{"key":"98837_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S55598","volume":"8","author":"A Okifuji","year":"2015","unstructured":"Okifuji, A. & Hare, B. D. The association between chronic pain and obesity. J. Pain Res. 8, 399\u2013408 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Pain Res."},{"key":"98837_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12067","volume":"15","author":"WD Paulis","year":"2014","unstructured":"Paulis, W. D., Silva, S., Koes, B. W. & van Middelkoop, M. Overweight and obesity are associated with musculoskeletal complaints as early as childhood: A systematic review. Obes. Rev. 15, 52\u201367 (2014).","journal-title":"Obes. Rev."},{"key":"98837_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2013.187","volume":"38","author":"SM Smith","year":"2014","unstructured":"Smith, S. M., Sumar, B. & Dixon, K. A. Musculoskeletal pain in overweight and obese children. Int. J. Obes. (Lond.) 38, 11\u201315 (2014).","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes. (Lond.)"},{"key":"98837_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e32835a9414","volume":"25","author":"F Berenbaum","year":"2013","unstructured":"Berenbaum, F., Eymard, F. & Houard, X. Osteoarthritis, inflammation and obesity. Curr. Opin. Rheumatol. 25, 114\u2013118 (2013).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Rheumatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"98837_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21660","volume":"65","author":"CS Crowson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Crowson, C. S., Matteson, E. L., Davis, J. M. III. & Gabriel, S. E. Contribution of obesity to the rise in incidence of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Care Res. 65(1), 71\u201377 (2013).","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"98837_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijcp.13045","volume":"72","author":"L Dar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dar, L. et al. Are obesity and rheumatoid arthritis interrelated?. Int. J. Clin. Pract. 72(1), e13045 (2018).","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"98837_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1622","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2004.202","volume":"12","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Zhang, Q. & Wang, Y. Trends in the association between obesity and socioeconomic status in US adults: 1971 to 2000. Obes. Res. 12, 1622\u20131632 (2004).","journal-title":"Obes. Res."},{"key":"98837_CR43","first-page":"948","volume":"51","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2002","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Prevalence of self-reported arthritis or chronic joint symptoms among adults: United States, 2001. MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 51, 948\u2013950 (2002).","journal-title":"MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep."},{"key":"98837_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2004.103","volume":"12","author":"CA Okoro","year":"2004","unstructured":"Okoro, C. A., Hootman, J. M., Strine, T. W., Balluz, L. S. & Mokdad, A. H. Disability, arthritis, and body weight among adults 45 years and older. Obes. Res. 12, 854\u2013861 (2004).","journal-title":"Obes. Res."},{"key":"98837_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.58.3.151","volume":"58","author":"H Sandmark","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sandmark, H., Hogstedt, C., Lewold, S. & Vingard, E. Osteoarthrosis of the knee in men and women in association with overweight, smoking, and hormone. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 58, 151\u2013155 (1999).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"98837_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22686","volume":"57","author":"L Busija","year":"2007","unstructured":"Busija, L., Hollingsworth, B., Buchbinder, R. & Osborne, R. H. Role of age, sex, and obesity in the higher prevalence of arthritis among lower socioeconomic groups: A population-based survey. Arthritis Care Res. 57, 553\u2013561 (2007).","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"key":"98837_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12453","volume":"44","author":"PC Jordani","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jordani, P. C. et al. Obesity as a risk factor for temporomandibular disorders. J. Oral Rehabil. 44, 1\u20138 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Oral Rehabil."},{"key":"98837_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2006.10.012","volume":"129","author":"L LeResche","year":"2007","unstructured":"LeResche, L., Mancl, L. A., Drangsholt, M. T., Huang, G. & Von Korff, M. Predictors of onset of facial pain and temporomandibular disorders in early adolescence. Pain 129, 269\u2013278 (2007).","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"98837_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034520936950","volume":"99","author":"KS Lee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee, K. S. et al. Automated detection of TMJ osteoarthritis based on artificial intelligence. J. Dent. Res. 99, 1363\u20131367 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-98837-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-98837-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-98837-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]],"date-time":"2023-02-06T21:15:02Z","timestamp":1675718102000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-98837-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["98837"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-98837-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 April 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 September 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 October 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"19802"}}