{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T21:53:26Z","timestamp":1787003606392,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"University Grant Commission","award":["PDFSS-2014-15-SC-TAM-10125"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PDFSS-2014-15-SC-TAM-10125"]}]},{"name":"Center of Excellence for Ocean Engineering, NTOU, Taiwan","award":["109J13801-51"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["109J13801-51"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 107-2621-M-019-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 107-2621-M-019-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 108-2621-M-019-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 108-2621-M-019-003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 109-2621-M-019-002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 109-2621-M-019-002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 110-2621-M-019-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 110-2621-M-019-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["MOST 107-2621-M-037-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 107-2621-M-037-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["MOST 108-2621-M-037-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 108-2621-M-037-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["MOST 109-2621-M-037-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 109-2621-M-037-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Kaohsiung Medical University Research Center","award":["KMU-TC108A01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KMU-TC108A01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Mosquitoes are a great menace for humankind since they transmit pathogenic organisms causing Malaria, Dengue, Chikungunya, Elephantiasis and Japanese encephalitis. There is an urgent need to discover new and novel biological tools to mitigate\u00a0mosquito-borne diseases. To develop bioinsecticides through newly developed nanotechnology is another option in the present research scenario. In this study we synthesize and characterize\u00a0sardine fish scales with silver nitrate by adopting various instrumental techniques such as UV- and FTIR-spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDAX), X-ray diffraction analyses (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Toxicity bioassays were conducted with young developmental stages of mosquito vectors. Significant mortality\u00a0appeared\u00a0after different life stages of mosquito vectors (young larval and pupal instars were exposed to the\u00a0nanomaterials).\u00a0LC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    values were 13.261\u00a0ppm for young first instar larvae and 32.182\u00a0ppm for pupae.\u00a0Feeding and predatory potential of\u00a0\n                    <jats:italic>G. affinis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , before and after exposure to nanoparticles against mosquito larval (I &amp; II) instars of the mosquitoes showed promising results in laboratory experiments.\u00a0Feeding potential of mosquito fish without nanoparticle treatment was 79.7% and 70.55% for the first and second instar larval populations respectively. At the nanoparticle-exposed situation the predatory efficiency of mosquitofish was 94.15% and 84.3%, respectively. Antioxidant enzymes like (SOD), (CAT), and (LPO) were estimated in the gill region of sardine fish in control and experimental waters.\u00a0A significant reduction of egg hatchability was evident after nanoparticle application. It became\u00a0evident\u00a0from this study that the nano-fabricated materials provide suitable tools to control the malaria vector\u00a0\n                    <jats:italic>Anopheles stephensi<\/jats:italic>\n                    in the aquatic phase of its life cycle.\u00a0This finding suggests an effective novel approach to mosquito control.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-98899-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T07:02:54Z","timestamp":1633071774000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Efficacy and side effects of bio-fabricated sardine fish scale silver nanoparticles against malarial vector Anopheles stephensi"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Kadarkarai","family":"Murugan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jayapal","family":"Subramaniam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajapandian","family":"Rajaganesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chellasamy","family":"Panneerselvam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pandiyan","family":"Amuthavalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Murugan","family":"Vasanthakumaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudalaimani","family":"Jayashanthini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Devakumar","family":"Dinesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaganathan","family":"Anitha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiang-Shiou","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans-Uwe","family":"Dahms","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunaina","family":"Mudigonda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Al Thabiani","family":"Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"98899_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2292","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2435.13640","volume":"34","author":"AK Menzies","year":"2020","unstructured":"Menzies, A. K. et al. Body temperature, heart rate, and activity patterns of two boreal homeotherms in winter: Homeostasis, allostasis, and ecological coexistence. Funct. Ecol. 34, 2292\u20132301 (2020).","journal-title":"Funct. Ecol."},{"key":"98899_CR2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Global vector control response 2017\u20132030. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO (2017)."},{"key":"98899_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.2174\/1389201020666191127124629","volume":"21","author":"Q Jia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jia, Q., Dahms, H. U. & Wang, L. Detection of metallothionein proteins by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Curr. Pharm. Biotechnol. 21, 544\u2013554 (2020).","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Biotechnol."},{"key":"98899_CR4","first-page":"1034","volume":"3","author":"J Radhika","year":"2014","unstructured":"Radhika, J. & Sathya, P. In vitro macrofilaricidal activity of traditional medicinal plants. World. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci. 3, 1034\u20131042 (2014).","journal-title":"World. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"98899_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmpp.2017.01.002","volume":"101","author":"U Suresh","year":"2018","unstructured":"Suresh, U. et al. Suaeda maritima-based herbal coils and green nanoparticles as potential biopesticides against the dengue vector Aedes aegypti and the tobacco cutworm Spodoptera litura. Physiol. Mol. Plant. Pathol. 101, 225\u2013235 (2018).","journal-title":"Physiol. Mol. Plant. Pathol."},{"key":"98899_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2014.04.065","volume":"131","author":"SM Tanur","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tanur, S. M., Ahmaruzzaman, A. K. & Sil, B. A. Biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the fish scales of Labeo rohita and their application as catalysts for the reduction of aromatic nitro compounds. Spect. Acta. Part A Mol. Biomol. Spectros. 131, 413\u2013423 (2014).","journal-title":"Spect. Acta. Part A Mol. Biomol. Spectros."},{"key":"98899_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10184","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-017-9752-4","volume":"25","author":"GF Benelli","year":"2018","unstructured":"Benelli, G. F. et al. Mosquito control with green nanopesticides: Towards the One Health approach? A review of non-target effects. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 25, 10184\u201310206 (2018).","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"98899_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126428","volume":"251","author":"H Huang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Huang, H., Jia, Q. Y., Jing, W., Dahms, H. U. & Wang, L. Screening strains for microbial biosorption technology of cadmium. Chemosphere 251, 126428 (2020).","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"98899_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2009.12.002","volume":"6","author":"S Kokura","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kokura, S. et al. Silver nanoparticles as a safe preservative for use in cosmetics. Nanomedicine 6, 570\u2013574 (2010).","journal-title":"Nanomedicine"},{"key":"98899_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-015-4783-6","volume":"115","author":"K Murugan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Murugan, K. et al. Fighting arboviral diseases: Low toxicity on mammalian cells, dengue growth inhibition (in vitro) and mosquitocidal activity of Centroceras clavulatum-synthesized silver nanoparticles. Parasitol. Res. 115, 651\u2013662 (2016).","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"98899_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2016.06.021","volume":"132","author":"K Murugan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Murugan, K. et al. Synthesis of nanoparticles using chitosan from crab shells: Implications for control of malaria mosquito vectors and impact on non-target organisms in the aquatic environment. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 132, 318\u2013328 (2016).","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"98899_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2017.04.015","volume":"188","author":"V Sujitha","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sujitha, V. et al. Green-synthesized CdS nano-pesticides: Toxicity on young instars of malaria vectors and impact on enzymatic activities of the non-target mud crab Scylla serrata. Aquat. Toxicol. 188, 100\u2013108 (2017).","journal-title":"Aquat. Toxicol."},{"key":"98899_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1007\/s10750-016-2943-z","volume":"785","author":"K Kalimuthu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kalimuthu, K. et al. Predatory efficiency of the copepod Megacyclops formosanus and toxic effect of the red alga Gracilaria firma\u2014Synthesized silver nanoparticles against the dengue vector Aedes aegypti. Hydrobiologia 785, 359\u2013372 (2017).","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"key":"98899_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1007\/s10750-017-3196-1","volume":"797","author":"K Murugan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Murugan, K. et al. Chitosan-fabricated Ag nanoparticles and larvivorous fishes: A novel route to control the coastal malaria vector Anopheles sundaicus?. Hydrobiologia 797, 335\u2013350 (2017).","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"key":"98899_CR15","first-page":"7","volume":"2","author":"HU Dahms","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dahms, H. U. New challenges by toxic threats to the environment. Environ. Toxicol. Stud. J. 2, 7 (2018).","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Stud. J."},{"key":"98899_CR16","first-page":"115460","volume":"267","author":"M Lebrato","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lebrato, M. et al. Global variability in seawater Mg: Ca and Sr: Ca ratios in the modern ocean. PNAS 267, 115460 (2020).","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"98899_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocontrol.2020.104357","volume":"150","author":"P Dambach","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dambach, P. The use of aquatic predators for larval control of mosquito disease vectors: Opportunities and limitations. Biol. Control 150, 104357 (2020).","journal-title":"Biol. Control"},{"key":"98899_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1007\/s10750-020-04195-0","volume":"847","author":"O Cano-Rocabayera","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cano-Rocabayera, O., Vargas-Amengual, S., Aranda, C., De Sostoa, A. & Maceda-Veiga, A. Mosquito larvae consumption in turbid waters: The role of the type of turbidity and the larval stage in native and invasive fish. Hydrobiologia 847, 1371\u20131381 (2020).","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"key":"98899_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2243","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-015-4417-z","volume":"114","author":"K Murugan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Murugan, K. et al. Toxicity of seaweed-synthesized silver nanoparticles against the filariasis vector Culex quinquefasciatus and its impact on predation efficiency of the cyclopoid crustacean Mesocyclops longisetus. Parasitol. Res. 114, 2243\u20132253 (2015).","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"98899_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psep.2017.03.027","volume":"109","author":"K Kalimuthu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kalimuthu, K. et al. Control of dengue and Zika virus vector Aedes aegypti using the predatory copepod Megacyclops formosanus: Synergy with Hedychium coronarium-synthesized silver nanoparticles and related histological changes in targeted mosquitoes. Process Saf. Environ. Prot. 109, 82\u201396 (2017).","journal-title":"Process Saf. Environ. Prot."},{"key":"98899_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1007\/s10876-016-1115-7","volume":"28","author":"K Murugan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Murugan, K. et al. Mangrove helps: Sonneratia alba-synthesized silver nanoparticles magnify guppy fish predation against Aedes aegypti young instars and down-regulate the expression of envelope (E) gene in dengue virus (Serotype DEN-2). J. Clust. Sci. 28, 437\u2013461 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Clust. Sci."},{"key":"98899_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2015.03.019","volume":"117","author":"N Li","year":"2015","unstructured":"Li, N. et al. Lead accumulation, oxidative damage and histopathological alteration in testis and accessory glands of the freshwater crab, Sinopotamon henanense, induced by acute lead exposure. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 117, 20\u201327 (2015).","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"98899_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16282","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-08074-y","volume":"27","author":"J Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu, J., Dahms, H. U. & Wang, L. Mitigative effects of zinc on cadmium-induced reproductive toxicity in the male freshwater crab Sinopotamon henanense. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 27, 16282\u201316292 (2020).","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"98899_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.32604\/biocell.2021.014154","volume":"45","author":"JF Hong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hong J. F., Ouddane B., Hwang J. S. & Dahms, H. U. In silico assessment of human health risks caused by cyanotoxins from cyanobacteria. Biocell 45(1), 65\u201377 (2021).","journal-title":"Biocell"},{"key":"98899_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3886","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph10093886","volume":"10","author":"A Valavanidis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Valavanidis, A., Vlachogianni, T. & Fiotakis, K. L. S. Pulmonary oxidative stress, inflammation and cancer: Respirable particulate matter, fibrous dusts and ozone as major causes of lung carcinogenesis through reactive oxygen species mechanisms. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 10, 3886\u20133907 (2013).","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"98899_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2016.12.030","volume":"138","author":"Y Zhou","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhou, Y., Jing, W., Dahms, H. U., Hwang, J. S. & Wang, L. Oxidative damage, ultrastructural alterations and gene expressions of hemocytes in the freshwater crab Sinopotamon henanense exposed to cadmium. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 138, 130\u2013138 (2017).","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"98899_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-016-0028-x","volume":"7","author":"B Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li, B. et al. Biogenic selenium and its hepatoprotective activity. Sci. Rep. 7, 1\u201311 (2017).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"98899_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2017.07.008","volume":"190","author":"Y Lin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lin, Y., Huang, J. J., Dahms, H. U., Zhen, J. J. & Ying, X. P. Cell damage and apoptosis in the hepatopancreas of Eriocheir sinensis induced by cadmium. Aquat. Toxicol. 190, 190\u2013198 (2017).","journal-title":"Aquat. Toxicol."},{"key":"98899_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-326X(01)00060-1","volume":"42","author":"DR Livingstone","year":"2001","unstructured":"Livingstone, D. R. Contaminant stimulated reactive oxygen species production and oxidative damage in aquatic organisms. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 42, 656\u2013666 (2001).","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"98899_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2017.07.161","volume":"165","author":"K Kobeticova","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kobeticova, K. & Cerny, R. Ecotoxicology of building materials: A critical review of recent studies. J. Clean. Prod. 165, 500\u2013508 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"issue":"Part A","key":"98899_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2020.124148","volume":"404","author":"R Grillo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Grillo, R., Fraceto, L. F., Amorim, M. J., Scott-Fordsmand, J. J., Schoonjans, R. & Chaudhry, Q. Ecotoxicological and regulatory aspects of environmental sustainability of nanopesticides. J. Hazard. Mater. 404(Part A), 124148 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"98899_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1007\/s10930-016-9685-7","volume":"35","author":"K Muthumari","year":"2016","unstructured":"Muthumari, K., Anand, M. & Maruthupandy, M. Collagen extract from marine finfish scales as a potential mosquito larvicide. Protein. J. 35, 391\u2013400 (2016).","journal-title":"Protein. J."},{"key":"98899_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-015-4336-z","volume":"114","author":"D Dinesh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dinesh, D. et al. Mosquitocidal and antibacterial activity of green-synthesized silver nanoparticles from Aloe vera extracts: Towards an effective tool against the malaria vector Anopheles stephensi?. Parasitol. Res. 114, 1519\u20131529 (2015).","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"98899_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2015.03.017","volume":"153","author":"K Murugan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Murugan, K. et al. Cymbopogon citratus-synthesized gold nanoparticles boost the predation efficiency of copepod Mesocyclops aspericornis against malaria and dengue mosquitoes. Exp. Parasitol. 153, 129\u2013138 (2015).","journal-title":"Exp. Parasitol."},{"key":"98899_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-015-4799-y","volume":"115","author":"P Mahesh Kumar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mahesh Kumar, P. et al. Biosynthesis, characterization, and acute toxicity of Berberis tinctoria-fabricated silver nanoparticles against the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, and the mosquito predators Toxorhynchites splendens and Mesocyclops thermocyclopoides. Parasitol. Res. 115, 751\u2013759 (2015).","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"98899_CR36","unstructured":"Subramaniam, J.; Murugan, K. Evaluation of larvicidal, pupicidal, repellent, and adulticidal activity of Myristica fragrans (Family: Myristicaceae) against malarial vector Anopheles stephensi. In Proceedings of the National Conference on Insect Diversity and Systematics: Special Emphasis on Molecular Approaches 1\u20136 (2013)."},{"key":"98899_CR37","first-page":"163","volume":"5","author":"J Subramaniam","year":"2012","unstructured":"Subramaniam, J., Murugan, K. & Kovendan, K. Larvicidal and pupcidal efficacy of Momordica charantia leaf extract and bacterial insecticide, Bacillus thuringiensis against malarial vector, Anopheles stephensi Liston. (Diptera: Culicidae). J. Biopest. 5, 163 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Biopest."},{"key":"98899_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2012.07.003","volume":"19","author":"J Subramaniam","year":"2012","unstructured":"Subramaniam, J., Kovendan, K., Mahesh Kumar, P., Murugan, K. & Walton, W. Mosquito larvicidal activity of Aloe vera (Family: Liliaceae) leaf extract and Bacillus sphaericus, against Chikungunya vector, Aedes aegypti. Saudi. J. Biol. Sci. 19, 503\u2013509 (2012).","journal-title":"Saudi. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"98899_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2016.06.021","volume":"132","author":"K Murugan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Murugan, K. et al. Fabrication of nano-mosquitocides using chitosan from crab shells: Impact on nontarget organisms in the aquatic environment. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 132, 318\u2013328 (2016).","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"98899_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-015-4837-9","volume":"115","author":"K Murugan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Murugan, K. et al. Carbon and silver nanoparticles in the fight against the filariasis vector Culex quinquefasciatus: Genotoxicity and impact on behavioral traits of non-target aquatic organisms. Parasitol. Res. 115, 1071\u20131083 (2016).","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"98899_CR41","first-page":"611","volume":"12","author":"K Mullai","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mullai, K. & Jebanesan, A. Larvicidal and ovicidal activity of the leaf extract of two cucurbitaceous plants against the filarial vector, Culex quinquefasciatus Say. Ind. J. Environ. Ecoplan. 12, 611\u2013615 (2006).","journal-title":"Ind. J. Environ. Ecoplan."},{"key":"98899_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-012-3185-2","volume":"112","author":"C Panneerselvam","year":"2013","unstructured":"Panneerselvam, C. & Murugan, K. Adulticidal, repellent, and ovicidal properties of indigenous plant extracts against the malarial vector, Anopheles species (Diptera: Culicidae). Parasitol. Res. 112, 679\u2013692 (2013).","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"98899_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-012-3252-8","volume":"112","author":"K Kovendan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kovendan, K., Murugan, K., Kumar, P. M., Thiyagarajan, P. & William, S. J. Ovicidal, repellent, adulticidal, and field evaluations of plant extract against dengue, malaria, and filarial vectors. Parasitol. Res. 112, 1205\u20131219 (2013).","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"98899_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16671","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-016-6832-9","volume":"23","author":"K Murugan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Murugan, K. et al. Ecofriendly drugs from the marine environment: Spongeweed synthesized silver nanoparticles are highly effective on Plasmodium falciparum and its vector Anopheles stephensi, with little non-target effects on predatory copepods. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 23, 16671\u201316685 (2016).","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"98899_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20067","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-015-5253-5","volume":"22","author":"J Subramaniam","year":"2015","unstructured":"Subramaniam, J. et al. Eco-friendly control of malaria and arbovirus vectors using the mosquitofish Gambusia affinis and ultra-low dosages of Mimusops elengi-synthesized silver nanoparticles: Towards an integrative approach?. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 22, 20067\u201320083 (2015).","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"98899_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7543","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-015-6007-0","volume":"23","author":"J Subramaniam","year":"2016","unstructured":"Subramaniam, J. et al. Multipurpose effectiveness of Couroupita guianensis-synthesized gold nanoparticles: High antiplasmodial potential, field efficacy against malaria vectors and synergy with Aplocheilus lineatus predators. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 23, 7543\u20137558 (2016).","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"98899_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1007\/s10876-016-1113-9","volume":"28","author":"J Subramaniam","year":"2017","unstructured":"Subramaniam, J. et al. Do Chenopodium ambrosioides-synthesized silver nanoparticles impact Oryzias melastigma predation against Aedes albopictus larvae?. J. Clust. Sci. 28, 413\u2013436 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Clust. Sci."},{"key":"98899_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gupta, P. & Verma, S. K. Evaluation of genotoxicity induced by herbicide pendimethalin in fresh water fish Clarias batrachus (Linn.) and possible role of oxidative stress in induced DNA damage. Drug Chem. Toxicol. 1\u201310 (2020).","DOI":"10.1080\/01480545.2020.1774603"},{"key":"98899_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.144013","volume":"756","author":"CY Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen, C. Y., Lu, T. H., Yang, Y. F. & Liao, C. M. Toxicokinetic\/toxicodynamic-based risk assessment of freshwater fish health posed by microplastics at environmentally relevant concentrations. Sci. Total. Environ. 756, 144013 (2020).","journal-title":"Sci. Total. Environ."},{"key":"98899_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126172","volume":"249","author":"S Bao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bao, S., Tang, W. & Fang, T. Sex-dependent and organ-specific toxicity of silver nanoparticles in livers and intestines of adult zebrafish. Chemosphere 249, 126172 (2020).","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"98899_CR51","first-page":"68","volume-title":"Probit Analysis","author":"DJ Finney","year":"1971","unstructured":"Finney, D. J. Probit Analysis 68\u201372 (Cambridge University Press, 1971)."},{"key":"98899_CR52","first-page":"246","volume-title":"Introduction to Probability and Statistics","author":"HL Alder","year":"1977","unstructured":"Alder, H. L. & Rossler, E. B. Introduction to Probability and Statistics 6th edn, 246 (Freeman, 1977).","edition":"6"},{"key":"98899_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5134","DOI":"10.1039\/C4NR00580E","volume":"7","author":"S Behzadi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Behzadi, S. et al. Determination of nanoparticles using UV-Vis spectra. Nanoscale 7, 5134\u20135139 (2015).","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"98899_CR54","first-page":"1","volume":"3","author":"J Jena","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jena, J., Pradhan, N., Dash, B. P., Sukla, L. B. & Panda, P. K. Biosynthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using microalga Chlorococcum humicola and its antibacterial activity. Int. J. Nanomater. Biostruct. 3, 1\u20138 (2013).","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomater. Biostruct."},{"key":"98899_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.127346","volume":"258","author":"M Khoshnamvand","year":"2020","unstructured":"Khoshnamvand, M. et al. Toxicity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles to aquatic organisms of different trophic levels. Chemosphere 258, 127346 (2020).","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"98899_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.4081\/jear.2014.1787","volume":"29","author":"S Sivapriyajothi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sivapriyajothi, S., Kumar, P. M., Kovendan, K., Subramaniam, J. & Murugan, K. Larvicidal and pupicidal activity of synthesized silver nanoparticles using Leucas aspera leaf extract against mosquito vectors, Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi. J. Entomol. Acarol. Res. 29, 77\u201384 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Entomol. Acarol. Res."},{"key":"98899_CR57","first-page":"163","volume":"10","author":"S Fatema","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fatema, S., Shirsat, M., Farooqui, M. & Pathan, M. A. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticle using aqueous extract of Saraca asoca leaves, its characterization and antimicrobial activity. Int. J. Nano Dimens. 10, 163\u2013168 (2019).","journal-title":"Int. J. Nano Dimens."},{"key":"98899_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-010-2115-4","volume":"108","author":"T Santhoshkumar","year":"2011","unstructured":"Santhoshkumar, T. et al. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Nelumbonucifera leaf extract and its larvicidal activity against malaria and filariasis vectors. Parasitol. Res. 108, 693\u2013702 (2011).","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"98899_CR59","first-page":"179","volume":"3","author":"KJ Anal","year":"2014","unstructured":"Anal, K. J. & Kamal, P. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles employing fish processing discard: An eco-amenable approach. J. Chin. Adv. Mater. Soc. 3, 179\u2013185 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Chin. Adv. Mater. Soc."},{"key":"98899_CR60","first-page":"e00297","volume":"20","author":"E Parthiban","year":"2018","unstructured":"Parthiban, E., Manivannan, N., Ramanibai, R. & Mathivanan, N. Green synthesis of silver\u2014nanoparticles from Annona reticulate leaves aqueous extract and its mosquito larvicidal and anti-microbial activity on human pathogens. Biotechnol. Rep. 20, e00297 (2018).","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Rep."},{"key":"98899_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-012-2924-8","volume":"111","author":"KA Priyadarshini","year":"2012","unstructured":"Priyadarshini, K. A. et al. Biolarvicidal and pupicidal potential of silver nanoparticles synthesized using Euphorbia hirta against Anopheles stephensi Liston (Diptera: Culicidae). Parasitol. Res. 111, 997\u20131006 (2012).","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"98899_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12871","DOI":"10.1039\/C8NR02278J","volume":"10","author":"S Mourdikoudis","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mourdikoudis, S., Pallares, R. M., Nguyen, T. K. & Than, H. Characterization techniques for nanoparticles: Comparison and complementarity upon studying nanoparticle properties. Rev. Nanoscale. 10, 12871\u201312934 (2018).","journal-title":"Rev. Nanoscale."},{"key":"98899_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1534","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17091534","volume":"17","author":"XF Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang, X. F., Liu, Z. G., Shen, W. & Gurunathan, S. Silver nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, properties, applications, and therapeutic approaches. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 17, 1534 (2016).","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"98899_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1080\/10408347.2018.1451299","volume":"48","author":"R Begum","year":"2018","unstructured":"Begum, R. et al. Applications of UV\/Vis spectroscopy in characterization and catalytic activity of noble metal nanoparticles fabricated in responsive polymer microgels. A review. Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem. 48, 503\u2013516 (2018).","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem."},{"key":"98899_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-76726-7","volume":"10","author":"NH Rezazadeh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rezazadeh, N. H., Buazar, F. & Matroodi, S. Synergistic effects of combinatorial chitosan and polyphenol biomolecules on enhanced antibacterial activity of biofunctionalized silver nanoparticles. Sci. Rep. 10, 1\u201313 (2020).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"98899_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rajeshkumar, S. & Sandhiya, D. Biomedical applications of zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized using eco-friendly method. In\u00a0Nanoparticles and their Biomedical Applications 65\u201393 (2020).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-0391-7_3"},{"key":"98899_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2010.07.024","volume":"368","author":"A Bankar","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bankar, A., Joshi, B., Kumar, A. R. & Zinjarde, S. Banana peel extract mediated novel route for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Coll. Surf. A. 368, 58\u201363 (2010).","journal-title":"Coll. Surf. A."},{"key":"98899_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-012-3269-z","volume":"112","author":"A Suganya","year":"2013","unstructured":"Suganya, A., Murugan, K., Kovendan, K., Mahesh Kumar, P. & Hwang, J. S. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Murraya koenigii leaf extract against Anopheles stephensi and Aedes aegypti. Parasitol. Res. 112, 1385\u20131397 (2013).","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"98899_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-015-4800-9","volume":"115","author":"G Benelli","year":"2016","unstructured":"Benelli, G. Plant-mediated biosynthesis of nanoparticles as an emerging tool against mosquitoes of medical and veterinary importance: A review. Parasitol. Res. 115, 23\u201334 (2016).","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"98899_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enzmictec.2016.08.022","volume":"95","author":"G Benelli","year":"2016","unstructured":"Benelli, G. Green synthesized nanoparticles in the fight against mosquito-borne diseases and cancer\u2014A brief review. Enzyme Microb. Technol. 95, 58\u201368 (2016).","journal-title":"Enzyme Microb. Technol."},{"key":"98899_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4305","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-015-4671-0","volume":"114","author":"P Madhiyazhagan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Madhiyazhagan, P. et al. Sargassum muticum-synthesized silver nanoparticles: An effective control tool against mosquito vectors and bacterial pathogens. Parasitol. Res. 114, 4305\u20134317 (2015).","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"98899_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2016.09.012","volume":"109","author":"R Rajaganesh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rajaganesh, R. et al. Fern-synthesized silver nanocrystals: Towards a new class of mosquito oviposition deterrents?. Res. Vet. Sci. 109, 40\u201351 (2016).","journal-title":"Res. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"98899_CR73","first-page":"537","volume":"4","author":"D Vineela","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vineela, D., Janardana Reddy, S. & Kiran Kumar, B. Preparation, synthesis and characterisation of silver nanoparticles by fish scales of Catla catla and their antibacterial activity against fish pathogen, Aeromonas veronii. Eur. J. Pharm. Med. Res. 4, 537\u2013545 (2017).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Med. Res."},{"key":"98899_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2004.03.083","volume":"58","author":"R Company","year":"2004","unstructured":"Company, R. et al. Effect of cadmium, copper and mercury on antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in the gills of the hydrothermal vent mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus. Mar. Environ. Res. 58, 377\u2013381 (2004).","journal-title":"Mar. Environ. Res."},{"key":"98899_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpc.2011.02.004","volume":"154","author":"VL Maria","year":"2011","unstructured":"Maria, V. L. & Bebianno, M. J. Antioxidant and lipid peroxidation responses in Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to mixtures of benzo(a)pyrene and copper. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C Toxicol. Pharmacol. 154, 56\u201363 (2011).","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"98899_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2005.10.015","volume":"218","author":"R Yilmaz","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yilmaz, R., Atessahin, A., Sahna, E., Karahan, I. & Ozer, S. Protective effect of lycopene on adriamycin-induced cardiotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Toxicology 218, 164\u2013171 (2006).","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"98899_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9030231","volume":"9","author":"R Felix","year":"2020","unstructured":"Felix, R. et al. Review evaluating the in vitro potential of natural extracts to protect lipids from oxidative damage. Antioxidants. 9, 231 (2020).","journal-title":"Antioxidants."},{"key":"98899_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/s00343-007-0221-7","volume":"25","author":"XH Kong","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kong, X. H., Wang, G. Z. & Li, S. J. Antioxidation and ATPase activity in the gill of mud crab Scylla serrata under cold stress. Chin. J. Oceanol. Limnol. 25, 221\u2013226 (2007).","journal-title":"Chin. J. Oceanol. Limnol."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-98899-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-98899-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-98899-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]],"date-time":"2023-02-06T18:05:44Z","timestamp":1675706744000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-98899-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]},"references-count":78,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["98899"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-98899-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 April 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 August 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 October 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"19567"}}