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The diagnostic accuracies of the rGroEL<jats:sub>1\u2013524<\/jats:sub> IgM-ELISA, commercial Panbio IgM-ELISA, and Virion-Serion Classic IgG-ELISA were evaluated using 133 Thai leptospirosis sera and 210 controls. Sensitivities were 91.7%, 59.6%, and 17.7% for acute infection, and the specificities were 92.6%, 90.2%, and 88.3% for the non-leptospirosis control, respectively. The rGroEL<jats:sub>1-524<\/jats:sub> IgM-ELISA had high sensitivity, at 92.3% and 91.7%, among culture-positive and MAT-negative cases at 1\u20133\u00a0days post-onset of symptoms (DPO1\u20133), respectively. Impaired specificity on scrub typhus was found, possibly from antibody cross-reaction to ortholog GroEL. Commercial Panbio IgM-ELISA had sensitivities at DPO1\u20133 of 30.8% and 41.7% for culture-positive and MAT-negative cases whereas Virion-Serion IgG-ELISA showed sensitivities of 5.9% and 13.3%, respectively. The rGroEL<jats:sub>1-524<\/jats:sub> IgM-ELISA could be useful as a screening test for early diagnosis. The performance of the commercial ELISA suggests the applicability of IgM-ELISA for diagnosis, while IgG-ELISA is useful for seroprevalence surveys. However, confirmation by reference tests is recommended.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-99377-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]],"date-time":"2021-10-05T13:52:53Z","timestamp":1633441973000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Evaluation of a genus-specific rGroEL1-524 IgM-ELISA and commercial ELISA kits during the course of leptospirosis in Thailand"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Santi","family":"Maneewatchararangsri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Galayanee","family":"Doungchawee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thareerat","family":"Kalambaheti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viravarn","family":"Luvira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ngamphol","family":"Soonthornworasiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pisut","family":"Vattanatham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Urai","family":"Chaisri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Poom","family":"Adisakwattana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"99377_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2010.06.012","volume":"36","author":"B Abela-Ridder","year":"2010","unstructured":"Abela-Ridder, B., Sikkema, R. & Hartskeerl, R. 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