{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T13:46:39Z","timestamp":1774446399656,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]],"date-time":"2022-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642723200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]],"date-time":"2022-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Borderline personality disorder (BPD) and antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) are the two most frequently diagnosed and researched DSM-5 personality disorders, and both are characterized by high levels of trait neuroticism. Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), an enzyme of the endocannabinoid system (ECS), has been linked to regulation of mood through modulation of anandamide, an endocannabinoid. We hypothesized that prefrontal cortex (PFC) FAAH binding would relate to trait neuroticism in personality disorders. Thirty-one individuals with personality disorders (20 with BPD and 11 with ASPD) completed the investigation. All participants completed the revised NEO Personality Inventory, which yields standardized scores (e.g., <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic> scores) for the traits of neuroticism, openness, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and extraversion. All participants were medication free and were not utilizing illicit substances as determined by drug urinalysis. Additionally, none of the participants had a comorbid major depressive episode, bipolar disorder, psychotic disorder, or substance use disorder. Each participant underwent one [<jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C]CURB PET scan. Consistent with our hypothesis, neuroticism was positively correlated with PFC FAAH binding (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.42, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.021), controlling for genotype. Neuroticism was also positively correlated with dorsal putamen FAAH binding (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.53, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0024), controlling for genotype. Elevated brain FAAH is an endophenotype for high neuroticism in BPD and ASPD. Novel pharmacological therapeutics that inhibit FAAH could emerge as potential new treatments for BPD and ASPD with high neuroticism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-04789-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]],"date-time":"2022-01-21T11:02:41Z","timestamp":1642762961000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Higher trait neuroticism is associated with greater fatty acid amide hydrolase binding in borderline and antisocial personality disorders"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Nathan J.","family":"Kolla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Boileau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. Michael","family":"Bagby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"4789_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1037\/a0015309","volume":"64","author":"BB Lahey","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lahey, B. B. Public health significance of neuroticism. Am. Psychol. 64, 241\u2013256. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0015309 (2009).","journal-title":"Am. Psychol."},{"key":"4789_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/0191-8869(92)90236-I","volume":"13","author":"PT Costa","year":"1992","unstructured":"Costa, P. T. & McCrae, R. R. Four ways five factors are different. Pers. Individ. Dif. 13, 653\u2013665 (1992).","journal-title":"Pers. Individ. Dif."},{"key":"4789_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0003-066x.48.1.26","volume":"48","author":"LR Goldberg","year":"1993","unstructured":"Goldberg, L. R. The structure of phenotypic personality traits. Am. Psychol. 48, 26\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/\/0003-066x.48.1.26 (1993).","journal-title":"Am. Psychol."},{"key":"4789_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ps.41.020190.002221","volume":"41","author":"JM Digman","year":"1990","unstructured":"Digman, J. M. Personality structure: Emergence of the five-factor model. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 41, 417\u2013440 (1990).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Psychol."},{"key":"4789_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/13811110701542010","volume":"12","author":"NJ Kolla","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kolla, N. J., Eisenberg, H. & Links, P. S. Epidemiology, risk factors, and psychopharmacological management of suicidal behavior in borderline personality disorder. Arch. Suicide Res. 12, 1\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13811110701542010 (2008).","journal-title":"Arch. Suicide Res."},{"key":"4789_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2002.09.001","volume":"23","author":"LM Saulsman","year":"2004","unstructured":"Saulsman, L. M. & Page, A. C. The five-factor model and personality disorder empirical literature: A meta-analytic review. Clin. Psychol. Rev. 23, 1055\u20131085. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpr.2002.09.001 (2004).","journal-title":"Clin. Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"4789_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2008.07.002","volume":"28","author":"DB Samuel","year":"2008","unstructured":"Samuel, D. B. & Widiger, T. A. A meta-analytic review of the relationships between the five-factor model and DSM-IV-TR personality disorders: A facet level analysis. Clin. Psychol. Rev. 28, 1326\u20131342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpr.2008.07.002 (2008).","journal-title":"Clin. Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"4789_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1037\/per0000092","volume":"6","author":"AG Wright","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wright, A. G., Hopwood, C. J. & Zanarini, M. C. Associations between changes in normal personality traits and borderline personality disorder symptoms over 16 years. Personality Disorders 6, 1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/per0000092 (2015).","journal-title":"Personality Disorders"},{"key":"4789_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0021-843x.110.3.401","volume":"110","author":"DR Lynam","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lynam, D. R. & Widiger, T. A. Using the five-factor model to represent the DSM-IV personality disorders: An expert consensus approach. J. Abnorm. Psychol. 110, 401\u2013412. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/\/0021-843x.110.3.401 (2001).","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Psychol."},{"key":"4789_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-026346-5.50009-4","volume-title":"Aggression in Global Perspective","author":"L Pulkkinen","year":"1983","unstructured":"Pulkkinen, L. In Aggression in Global Perspective 104\u2013144 (Pergamon Press, 1983)."},{"key":"4789_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/s0010-440x(98)90038-4","volume":"39","author":"MC Zanarini","year":"1998","unstructured":"Zanarini, M. C. et al. Axis II comorbidity of borderline personality disorder. Compr. Psychiatry 39, 296\u2013302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0010-440x(98)90038-4 (1998).","journal-title":"Compr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"4789_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-199305000-00007","volume":"181","author":"RK Brooner","year":"1993","unstructured":"Brooner, R. K., Herbst, J. H., Schmidt, C. W., Bigelow, G. E. & Costa, P. T. Jr. Antisocial personality disorder among drug abusers. Relations to other personality diagnoses and the five-factor model of personality. J. Nervous Mental Disease. 181, 313\u2013319 (1993).","journal-title":"J. Nervous Mental Disease."},{"key":"4789_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2553","volume":"7","author":"V Di Marzo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Di Marzo, V. Targeting the endocannabinoid system: To enhance or reduce?. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 7, 438\u2013455. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrd2553 (2008).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"4789_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1495","volume":"3","author":"VD Marzo","year":"2004","unstructured":"Marzo, V. D., Bifulco, M. & Petrocellis, L. D. The endocannabinoid system and its therapeutic exploitation. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 3, 771. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrd1495 (2004).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"4789_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2322","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2008.05567.x","volume":"106","author":"MN Hill","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hill, M. N. et al. Regional alterations in the endocannabinoid system in an animal model of depression: Effects of concurrent antidepressant treatment. J. Neurochem. 106, 2322\u20132336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2008.05567.x (2008).","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"4789_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12573","volume":"23","author":"S Stopponi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Stopponi, S. et al. Inhibition of fatty acid amide hydrolase in the central amygdala alleviates co-morbid expression of innate anxiety and excessive alcohol intake. Addict. Biol. 23, 1223\u20131232. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/adb.12573 (2018).","journal-title":"Addict. Biol."},{"key":"4789_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2416","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-20895-z","volume":"8","author":"G Griebel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Griebel, G. et al. The selective reversible FAAH inhibitor, SSR411298, restores the development of maladaptive behaviors to acute and chronic stress in rodents. Sci. Rep. 8, 2416. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-018-20895-z (2018).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"4789_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/s0009-3084(00)00190-0","volume":"108","author":"N Ueda","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ueda, N., Puffenbarger, R. A., Yamamoto, S. & Deutsch, D. G. The fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH). Chem. Phys. Lipids 108, 107\u2013121. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0009-3084(00)00190-0 (2000).","journal-title":"Chem. Phys. Lipids"},{"key":"4789_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/s0169-328x(02)00167-5","volume":"100","author":"J Romero","year":"2002","unstructured":"Romero, J., Hillard, C. J., Calero, M. & Rabano, A. Fatty acid amide hydrolase localization in the human central nervous system: An immunohistochemical study. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 100, 85\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0169-328x(02)00167-5 (2002).","journal-title":"Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res."},{"key":"4789_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2081","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1998.0543","volume":"265","author":"M Egertova","year":"1998","unstructured":"Egertova, M., Giang, D. K., Cravatt, B. F. & Elphick, M. R. A new perspective on cannabinoid signalling: Complementary localization of fatty acid amide hydrolase and the CB1 receptor in rat brain. Proc. Biol. Sci. 265, 2081\u20132085. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rspb.1998.0543 (1998).","journal-title":"Proc. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"4789_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4547(19971215)50:6<1047::AID-JNR16>3.0.CO;2-1","volume":"50","author":"EA Thomas","year":"1997","unstructured":"Thomas, E. A., Cravatt, B. F., Danielson, P. E., Gilula, N. B. & Sutcliffe, J. G. Fatty acid amide hydrolase, the degradative enzyme for anandamide and oleamide, has selective distribution in neurons within the rat central nervous system. J. Neurosci. Res. 50, 1047\u20131052. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4547(19971215)50:6%3c1047::AID-JNR16%3e3.0.CO;2-1 (1997).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"4789_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2009.11.013","volume":"44","author":"KY Vinod","year":"2010","unstructured":"Vinod, K. Y. et al. Selective alterations of the CB1 receptors and the fatty acid amide hydrolase in the ventral striatum of alcoholics and suicides. J. Psychiatr. Res. 44, 591\u2013597. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2009.11.013 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"4789_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-020-0731-y","volume":"45","author":"NJ Kolla","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kolla, N. J. et al. Elevated fatty acid amide hydrolase in the prefrontal cortex of borderline personality disorder: A [(11)C]CURB positron emission tomography study. Neuropsychopharmacology 45, 1834\u20131841. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41386-020-0731-y (2020).","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"4789_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-020-01144-2","volume":"11","author":"NJ Kolla","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kolla, N. J. et al. Lower amygdala fatty acid amide hydrolase in violent offenders with antisocial personality disorder: An [(11)C]CURB positron emission tomography study. Transl. Psychiatry 11, 57. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41398-020-01144-2 (2021).","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"4789_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2426","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.13210","volume":"40","author":"PA Spagnolo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Spagnolo, P. A. et al. FAAH gene variation moderates stress response and symptom severity in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder and comorbid alcohol dependence. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 40, 2426\u20132434. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acer.13210 (2016).","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"4789_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.10.009","volume":"65","author":"A Bjornebekk","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bjornebekk, A. et al. Neuronal correlates of the five factor model (FFM) of human personality: Multimodal imaging in a large healthy sample. Neuroimage 65, 194\u2013208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.10.009 (2013).","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"4789_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-017-0795-9","volume":"267","author":"CC Schultz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schultz, C. C. et al. High levels of neuroticism are associated with decreased cortical folding of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 267, 579\u2013584. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00406-017-0795-9 (2017).","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"4789_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nsz017","volume":"14","author":"MM Owens","year":"2019","unstructured":"Owens, M. M. et al. Cortical morphometry of the five-factor model of personality: Findings from the Human Connectome Project full sample. Social Cognit. Affect. Neurosci. 14, 381\u2013395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/scan\/nsz017 (2019).","journal-title":"Social Cognit. Affect. Neurosci."},{"key":"4789_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2829","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22108","volume":"34","author":"D Kapogiannis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kapogiannis, D., Sutin, A., Davatzikos, C., Costa, P. Jr. & Resnick, S. The five factors of personality and regional cortical variability in the Baltimore longitudinal study of aging. Hum. Brain Mapp. 34, 2829\u20132840. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hbm.22108 (2013).","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"4789_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhj118","volume":"16","author":"CI Wright","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wright, C. I. et al. Neuroanatomical correlates of extraversion and neuroticism. Cereb. Cortex 16, 1809\u20131819. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cercor\/bhj118 (2006).","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"4789_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0088763","volume":"9","author":"F Lu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lu, F. et al. Relationship between personality and gray matter volume in healthy young adults: A voxel-based morphometric study. PLoS ONE 9, e88763. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0088763 (2014).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"4789_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0021-843x.101.3.553","volume":"101","author":"TJ Trull","year":"1992","unstructured":"Trull, T. J. DSM-III-R personality disorders and the five-factor model of personality: An empirical comparison. J. Abnorm. Psychol. 101, 553\u2013560. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/\/0021-843x.101.3.553 (1992).","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Psychol."},{"key":"4789_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2009.19","volume":"34","author":"G Juhasz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Juhasz, G. et al. CNR1 gene is associated with high neuroticism and low agreeableness and interacts with recent negative life events to predict current depressive symptoms. Neuropsychopharmacology 34, 2019\u20132027. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/npp.2009.19 (2009).","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"4789_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14084","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1509795112","volume":"112","author":"D Wei","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wei, D. et al. Endocannabinoid signaling mediates oxytocin-driven social reward. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 112, 14084\u201314089. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1509795112 (2015).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"4789_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E238","DOI":"10.1503\/jpn.200010","volume":"46","author":"DGJ Green","year":"2021","unstructured":"Green, D. G. J. et al. Fatty acid amide hydrolase binding is inversely correlated with amygdalar functional connectivity: A combined positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging study in healthy individuals. J. Psychiatry Neurosci. JPN 46, E238\u2013E246. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1503\/jpn.200010 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Psychiatry Neurosci. JPN"},{"key":"4789_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22031047","author":"D Rafiei","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rafiei, D. & Kolla, N. J. Elevated brain fatty acid amide hydrolase induces depressive-like phenotypes in rodent models: A review. Int. J. Mol. Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms22031047 (2021).","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"4789_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2015.02.005","volume":"25","author":"CJ Fowler","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fowler, C. J. The potential of inhibitors of endocannabinoid metabolism as anxiolytic and antidepressive drugs\u2014A practical view. Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 25, 749\u2013762. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2015.02.005 (2015).","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"4789_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2009\/625469","volume":"2009","author":"FA Moreira","year":"2009","unstructured":"Moreira, F. A. et al. Antiaversive effects of cannabinoids: Is the periaqueductal gray involved?. Neural. Plast. 2009, 625469. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2009\/625469 (2009).","journal-title":"Neural. Plast."},{"key":"4789_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2007.06.024","volume":"54","author":"T Rubino","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rubino, T. et al. CB1 receptor stimulation in specific brain areas differently modulate anxiety-related behaviour. Neuropharmacology 54, 151\u2013160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2007.06.024 (2008).","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"4789_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.04.013","volume":"74","author":"L Carnevali","year":"2017","unstructured":"Carnevali, L. et al. Pharmacological inhibition of FAAH activity in rodents: A promising pharmacological approach for psychological-cardiac comorbidity?. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 74, 444\u2013452. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.04.013 (2017).","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"4789_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-013-3161-2","volume":"230","author":"J Haller","year":"2013","unstructured":"Haller, J., Goldberg, S. R., Pelczer, K. G., Aliczki, M. & Panlilio, L. V. The effects of anandamide signaling enhanced by the FAAH inhibitor URB597 on coping styles in rats. Psychopharmacology 230, 353\u2013362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00213-013-3161-2 (2013).","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"4789_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2008.03.004","volume":"32","author":"BB Gorzalka","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gorzalka, B. B., Hill, M. N. & Hillard, C. J. Regulation of endocannabinoid signaling by stress: Implications for stress-related affective disorders. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 32, 1152\u20131160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2008.03.004 (2008).","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"4789_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/s0006-3223(01)01328-2","volume":"51","author":"RJ Davidson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Davidson, R. J. Anxiety and affective style: Role of prefrontal cortex and amygdala. Biol. Psychiat. 51, 68\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0006-3223(01)01328-2 (2002).","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiat."},{"key":"4789_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2014.03.008","author":"PH Soloff","year":"2014","unstructured":"Soloff, P. H., Chiappetta, L., Mason, N. S., Becker, C. & Price, J. C. Effects of serotonin-2A receptor binding and gender on personality traits and suicidal behavior in borderline personality disorder. Psychiatry Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2014.03.008 (2014).","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"4789_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2007.07.009","volume":"63","author":"VG Frokjaer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Frokjaer, V. G. et al. Frontolimbic serotonin 2A receptor binding in healthy subjects is associated with personality risk factors for affective disorder. Biol. Psychiat. 63, 569\u2013576. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopsych.2007.07.009 (2008).","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiat."},{"key":"4789_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1326","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.158.8.1326","volume":"158","author":"J Tauscher","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tauscher, J. et al. Inverse relationship between serotonin 5-HT(1A) receptor binding and anxiety: A [(11)C]WAY-100635 PET investigation in healthy volunteers. Am. J. Psychiatry 158, 1326\u20131328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.ajp.158.8.1326 (2001).","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"4789_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2015.04.007","volume":"234","author":"J Hirvonen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hirvonen, J., Tuominen, L., Nagren, K. & Hietala, J. Neuroticism and serotonin 5-HT1A receptors in healthy subjects. Psychiatry Res. 234, 1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2015.04.007 (2015).","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"4789_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2010.80","volume":"35","author":"FR Bambico","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bambico, F. R. et al. Genetic deletion of fatty acid amide hydrolase alters emotional behavior and serotonergic transmission in the dorsal raphe, prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus. Neuropsychopharmacology 35, 2083\u20132100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/npp.2010.80 (2010).","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"4789_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-010-2051-0","volume":"214","author":"T Cassano","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cassano, T. et al. Evaluation of the emotional phenotype and serotonergic neurotransmission of fatty acid amide hydrolase-deficient mice. Psychopharmacology 214, 465\u2013476. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00213-010-2051-0 (2011).","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"4789_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2015.12.027","volume":"26","author":"FR Bambico","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bambico, F. R., Duranti, A., Nobrega, J. N. & Gobbi, G. The fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor URB597 modulates serotonin-dependent emotional behaviour, and serotonin1A and serotonin2A\/C activity in the hippocampus. Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 26, 578\u2013590. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2015.12.027 (2016).","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"4789_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8161","DOI":"10.1523\/Jneurosci.1554-07.2007","volume":"27","author":"BW Balleine","year":"2007","unstructured":"Balleine, B. W., Delgado, M. R. & Hikosaka, O. The role of the dorsal striatum in reward and decision-making. J. Neurosci. 27, 8161\u20138165. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/Jneurosci.1554-07.2007 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"4789_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2006.00202.x","volume":"30","author":"G Dom","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dom, G., De Wilde, B., Hulstijn, W., van den Brink, W. & Sabbe, B. Decision-making deficits in alcohol-dependent patients with and without comorbid personality disorder. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 30, 1670\u20131677. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2006.00202.x (2006).","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"4789_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1007\/s12160-009-9094-7","volume":"37","author":"NL Denburg","year":"2009","unstructured":"Denburg, N. L. et al. Poor decision making among older adults is related to elevated levels of neuroticism. Ann. Behav. Med. 37, 164\u2013172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12160-009-9094-7 (2009).","journal-title":"Ann. Behav. Med."},{"key":"4789_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2013.05.005","volume":"37","author":"MN Servaas","year":"2013","unstructured":"Servaas, M. N. et al. Neuroticism and the brain: A quantitative meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies investigating emotion processing. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 37, 1518\u20131529. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2013.05.005 (2013).","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"4789_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.025015.111","volume":"20","author":"J Do","year":"2012","unstructured":"Do, J., Kim, J. I., Bakes, J., Lee, K. & Kaang, B. K. Functional roles of neurotransmitters and neuromodulators in the dorsal striatum. Learn Mem. 20, 21\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/lm.025015.111 (2012).","journal-title":"Learn Mem."},{"key":"4789_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.3389\/neuro.07.006.2007","volume":"1","author":"MR Hilario","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hilario, M. R., Clouse, E., Yin, H. H. & Costa, R. M. Endocannabinoid signaling is critical for habit formation. Front. Integr. Neurosci. 1, 6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/neuro.07.006.2007 (2007).","journal-title":"Front. Integr. Neurosci."},{"key":"4789_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-018-1129-2","volume":"56","author":"G Aguilera-Portillo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Aguilera-Portillo, G. et al. The Pharmacological inhibition of fatty acid amide hydrolase prevents excitotoxic damage in the rat striatum: Possible involvement of CB1 receptors regulation. Mol. Neurobiol. 56, 844\u2013856. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12035-018-1129-2 (2019).","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"4789_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-020-00888-1","author":"ME Schmidt","year":"2020","unstructured":"Schmidt, M. E. et al. The effects of inhibition of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) by JNJ-42165279 in social anxiety disorder: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled proof-of-concept study. Neuropsychopharmacology https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41386-020-00888-1 (2020).","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"4789_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300153","volume":"28","author":"E Hollander","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hollander, E. et al. Divalproex in the treatment of impulsive aggression: Efficacy in cluster B personality disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology 28, 1186\u20131197. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.npp.1300153 (2003).","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"4789_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300737","volume":"30","author":"CP Jacob","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jacob, C. P. et al. Cluster B personality disorders are associated with allelic variation of monoamine oxidase A activity. Neuropsychopharmacology 30, 1711\u20131718. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.npp.1300737 (2005).","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"4789_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2017.130","volume":"43","author":"CJ Hillard","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hillard, C. J. Circulating endocannabinoids: From whence do they come and where are they going?. Neuropsychopharmacology 43, 155\u2013172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/npp.2017.130 (2018).","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"4789_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/s0010-440x(99)90128-1","volume":"40","author":"P Hatzitaskos","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hatzitaskos, P., Soldatos, C. R., Kokkevi, A. & Stefanis, C. N. Substance abuse patterns and their association with psychopathology and type of hostility in male patients with borderline and antisocial personality disorder. Compr. Psychiatry 40, 278\u2013282. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0010-440x(99)90128-1 (1999).","journal-title":"Compr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"4789_CR63","volume-title":"Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Personality Disorders (SCID-II)","author":"MB First","year":"1997","unstructured":"First, M. B., Gibbon, M., Spitzer, R. L., Williams, J. B. W. & Benjamin, L. S. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Personality Disorders (SCID-II) (American Psychiatric Press, Inc., 1997)."},{"key":"4789_CR64","volume-title":"Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders, Research Version, Patient Edition (SCID-I\/P), Version 2","author":"MB First","year":"2002","unstructured":"First, M. B., Spitzer, R. L., Gibbon, M. & Williams, J. B. W. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders, Research Version, Patient Edition (SCID-I\/P), Version 2 (Biometrics Research, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 2002)."},{"key":"4789_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2012.180","volume":"33","author":"PM Rusjan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rusjan, P. M. et al. Mapping human brain fatty acid amide hydrolase activity with PET. J. Cerebral Blood Flow Metab. 33, 407\u2013414. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/jcbfm.2012.180 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Cerebral Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"4789_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1993","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.114.146464","volume":"55","author":"I Boileau","year":"2014","unstructured":"Boileau, I. et al. Whole-body radiation dosimetry of 11C-carbonyl-URB694: A PET tracer for fatty acid amide hydrolase. J. Nucl. Med. 55, 1993\u20131997. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2967\/jnumed.114.146464 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"4789_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2012.46","volume":"32","author":"R Mizrahi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mizrahi, R. et al. Translocator protein (18 kDa) polymorphism (rs6971) explains in-vivo brain binding affinity of the PET radioligand [(18)F]-FEPPA. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 32, 968\u2013972. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/jcbfm.2012.46 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"4789_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2006.01.011","volume":"147","author":"P Rusjan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rusjan, P. et al. An automated method for the extraction of regional data from PET images. Psychiatry Res. 147, 79\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2006.01.011 (2006).","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"4789_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2015.119","volume":"35","author":"I Boileau","year":"2015","unstructured":"Boileau, I. et al. The fatty acid amide hydrolase C385A variant affects brain binding of the positron emission tomography tracer [11C]CURB. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 35, 1237\u20131240. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/jcbfm.2015.119 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"4789_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327752jpa6401_2","volume":"64","author":"PT Costa Jr","year":"1995","unstructured":"Costa, P. T. Jr. & McCrae, R. R. Domains and facets: Hierarchical personality assessment using the revised NEO personality inventory. J. Pers. Assess 64, 21\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1207\/s15327752jpa6401_2 (1995).","journal-title":"J. Pers. Assess"},{"key":"4789_CR71","volume-title":"Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI)","author":"PT Costa Jr","year":"1992","unstructured":"Costa, P. T. Jr. & McCrae, R. R. Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) (Psychological Assessment Resources, 1992)."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-022-04789-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-022-04789-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-022-04789-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T21:24:14Z","timestamp":1669325054000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-022-04789-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4789"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-04789-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 June 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 December 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 January 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1126"}}