{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T03:51:05Z","timestamp":1784260265437,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]],"date-time":"2022-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645056000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]],"date-time":"2022-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The evolution of the art ecosystem is driven by largely invisible networks, defined by undocumented interactions between artists, institutions, collectors and curators. The emergence of cryptoart, and the NFT-based digital marketplace around it, offers unprecedented opportunities to examine the mechanisms that shape the evolution of networks that define artistic practice. Here we mapped the <jats:italic>Foundation<\/jats:italic> platform, identifying over 48,000 artworks through the associated NFTs listed by over 15,000 artists, allowing us to characterize the patterns that govern the networks that shape artistic success. We find that NFT adoption by both artists and collectors has undergone major changes, starting with a rapid growth that peaked in March 2021 and the emergence of a new equilibrium in June. Despite significant changes in activity, the average price of the sold art remained largely unchanged, with the price of an artist\u2019s work fluctuating in a range that determines his or her reputation. The artist invitation network offers evidence of rich and poor artist clusters, driven by homophily, indicating that the newly invited artists develop similar engagement and sales patterns as the artist who invited them. We find that successful artists receive disproportional, repeated investment from a small group of collectors, underscoring the importance of artist\u2013collector ties in the digital marketplace. These reproducible patterns allow us to characterize the features, mechanisms, and the networks enabling the success of individual artists, a quantification necessary to better understand the emerging NFT ecosystem.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-05146-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]],"date-time":"2022-02-17T11:02:53Z","timestamp":1645095773000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":124,"title":["Quantifying NFT-driven networks in crypto art"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Kishore","family":"Vasan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mil\u00e1n","family":"Janosov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert-L\u00e1szl\u00f3","family":"Barab\u00e1si","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"5146_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1023\/B:RAEC.0000044637.79989.db","volume":"17","author":"O Velthuis","year":"2004","unstructured":"Velthuis, O. An interpretive approach to meanings of prices. Rev. Aust. Econ. 17, 371\u2013386 (2004).","journal-title":"Rev. Aust. Econ."},{"key":"5146_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Taylor, J. Visual Arts Management (Routledge, 2017).","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315543666"},{"key":"5146_CR3","unstructured":"Bourdieu, P. The Field of Cultural Production: Essays on Art and Literature (Columbia University Press, 1993)."},{"key":"5146_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1080\/09528822.2013.810977","volume":"27","author":"J Harris","year":"2013","unstructured":"Harris, J. Gatekeepers, poachers and pests in the globalized contemporary art world system. Third Text 27, 536\u2013548 (2013).","journal-title":"Third Text"},{"key":"5146_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1257\/000282803321455296","volume":"93","author":"VA Ginsburgh","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ginsburgh, V. A. & Van Ours, J. C. Expert opinion and compensation: Evidence from a musical competition. American Economic Review 93, 289\u2013296 (2003).","journal-title":"American Economic Review"},{"key":"5146_CR6","first-page":"13","volume":"66","author":"I Robertson","year":"2005","unstructured":"Robertson, I. The international art market. Underst. Int. Art Mark. Manag. 66, 13\u201336 (2005).","journal-title":"Underst. Int. Art Mark. Manag."},{"key":"5146_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, D. & Barab\u00e1si, A.-L. The Science of Science (Cambridge University Press, 2021).","DOI":"10.1017\/9781108610834"},{"key":"5146_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aao0185","volume":"359","author":"S Fortunato","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fortunato, S. et al. Science of science. Science 359, 66 (2018).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"5146_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aau7224","volume":"362","author":"SP Fraiberger","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fraiberger, S. P., Sinatra, R., Resch, M., Riedl, C. & Barab\u00e1si, A.-L. Quantifying reputation and success in art. Science 362, 825\u2013829 (2018).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"5146_CR10","first-page":"152","volume":"02","author":"J Taylor","year":"2021","unstructured":"Taylor, J. & Sloane, K. Art markets without art, art without objects. Garage J. Stud. Art Museums Cult. 02, 152\u2013175 (2021).","journal-title":"Garage J. Stud. Art Museums Cult."},{"key":"5146_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, W., Xu, Z., Shi, S., Zhao, Y. & Zhao, J. A survey of blockchain applications in different domains. 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A.-L.B and MJ are founders of Datapolis, that focuses on urban data. KV declares no competing interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"2769"}}