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Mathematical models of migration of aerobic bacteria from the duodenum to the pancreas with tumors were developed. Additionally, the bacterial distributions under the pH gradient and those under flow were measured in double-layer flow based microfluidic device and T-shaped cylinders. Migration of aerobic bacteria from the duodenum into pancreas is counteracted by bile and pancreatic juice flow but facilitated by pH-taxis from acidic duodenum fluid toward more favorable slightly alkaline pH in pancreatic juice. Additionally, the reduced flow velocity in cancer patients, due to compressed pancreatic duct by solid tumor, facilitates migration. Moreover, measured distribution of GFP <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> under the pH gradient in a microfluidic device validated pH-tactic behaviors. Furthermore, <jats:italic>Pseudomonas fluorescens<\/jats:italic> in hydrochloride solution, but not in bicarbonate solution, migrated upstream against bicarbonate flow of &gt;\u200920\u00a0\u03bcm\/s, with an advancement at approximately 50\u00a0\u03bcm\/s.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-05554-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,2]],"date-time":"2022-02-02T11:06:03Z","timestamp":1643799963000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["pH-taxis drives aerobic bacteria in duodenum to migrate into the pancreas with tumors"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Shirai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cocoro","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kosuke","family":"Tsukada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"5554_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.14740\/wjon1166","volume":"10","author":"P Rawla","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rawla, P., Sunkara, T. & Gaduputi, V. 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