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The host response to EV-A71 has not yet been fully elucidated, thus, hampering the development of a precise therapeutic approach. A nonstructural 2B protein of EV-A71 has been reported to involve with calcium dysregulation and apoptosis induction in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. However, the molecular mechanism has not been delineated. To address this, comprehensive study of the gene expression from SH-SY5Y cells transfected with EV-A71 2B was carried out by RNA sequencing and transcriptomic analysis. It was found that the signature of the upregulated genes of SH-SY5Y cells expressing EV-A71 2B involved the Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>-related signaling pathways participating gene expression, inflammatory response, apoptosis, and long-term potentiation of the neuron. Protein\u2013protein interaction network analysis revealed that the products encoded by <jats:italic>CCL2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>RELB<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>BIRC3<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>TNFRSF9<\/jats:italic> were the most significant hub proteins in the network. It indicated that EV-A71 2B protein might play a role in immunopathogenesis of the central nervous system (CNS) which probably associated with the non-canonical NF-\u03baB pathway. The data suggest that transcriptomic profiling can provide novel information source for studying the neuropathogenesis of EV-A71 infection leading to development of an effective therapeutic measure for CNS complications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-05904-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,2]],"date-time":"2022-02-02T11:06:03Z","timestamp":1643799963000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Transcriptome of human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells in response to 2B protein of enterovirus-A71"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Kittisak","family":"Suanpan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Potjanee","family":"Srimanote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pongsri","family":"Tongtawe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Onruedee","family":"Khantisitthiporn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oratai","family":"Supasorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patthaya","family":"Rattanakomol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeeraphong","family":"Thanongsaksrikul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"5904_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1218713","volume":"336","author":"P Plevka","year":"2012","unstructured":"Plevka, P., Perera, R., Cardosa, J., Kuhn, R. 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