{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,9]],"date-time":"2025-11-09T07:48:59Z","timestamp":1762674539082},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645401600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645401600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Deanship of scientific Research, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 31441 Dammam, Saudi Arabia","award":["Project No 2018-110-Sci.","Project No 2018-110-Sci.","Project No 2018-110-Sci.","Project No 2018-110-Sci.","Project No 2018-110-Sci.","Project No 2018-110-Sci.","Project No 2018-110-Sci.","Project No 2018-110-Sci.","Project No 2018-110-Sci.","Project No 2018-110-Sci.","Project No 2018-110-Sci."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Project No 2018-110-Sci.","Project No 2018-110-Sci.","Project No 2018-110-Sci.","Project No 2018-110-Sci.","Project No 2018-110-Sci.","Project No 2018-110-Sci.","Project No 2018-110-Sci.","Project No 2018-110-Sci.","Project No 2018-110-Sci.","Project No 2018-110-Sci.","Project No 2018-110-Sci."]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>2,6-Dichlorophenol (2,6-DCP) is an aromatic compound with industrial importance in making insecticides, herbicides, and other organic compounds. However, it poses serious health and ecological problems. Microbial degradation of 2,6-DCP has been widely applied due to its effectiveness and eco-friendly characteristics. In this study, <jats:italic>Trichoderma longibraciatum<\/jats:italic> was isolated from an industrial soil sample in Dammam, Saudi Arabia using the enrichment method of mineral salt's medium (MSM) amended with 2,6-DCP. Morphological and molecular identification (using the internal transcribed spacer rRNA gene sequencing) of the 2,6-DCP tolerating fungal isolate were charactraized. The fungal isolate has demonstrated a tolerance to 2,6-DCP up to 300\u00a0mg\/L. Mycelial growth and fungal sporulation were reduced with increasing 2,6-DCP concentrations up to 96\u00a0h incubation period. However, after 168\u00a0h incubation period, the fungal isolate recorded maximum growth at all the tested 2,6-DCP concentrations up to 150\u00a0mg\/L. Carboxy methyl cellulase production by tested fungus was decreased by increasing 2,6-DCP concentration up to 75\u00a0mg\/L. The biodegradation pattern of 2,6-DCP in GM liquid medium using GC\u2013mass analysis as well as the degradation pathway was presented. This study provides a promising fungal isolate that could be used in the bioremediation process for chlorinated phenols in soil.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-07016-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]],"date-time":"2022-02-21T11:24:03Z","timestamp":1645442643000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Degradation of 2,6-dicholorophenol by Trichoderma longibraciatum Isolated from an industrial Soil Sample in Dammam, Saudi Arabia"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Amira H.","family":"Alabdalall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatimah A.","family":"Aldakheel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ibtisam M.","family":"Ababutain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanen","family":"Chakroun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Azzah I.","family":"Alghamdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ines","family":"Hammami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sahar K.","family":"Al Dosary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tamer E.","family":"Youssef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed M.","family":"Albarrag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sumayh A.","family":"Aldakeel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rawan","family":"Aldughaish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nada","family":"Al Qurin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hesham M.","family":"ElKomy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"7016_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2859-13-31","volume":"13","author":"PK Arora","year":"2014","unstructured":"Arora, P. K. & Bae, H. Bacterial degradation of chlorophenols and their derivatives. Microb. Cell Fact. 13, 31\u201336 (2014).","journal-title":"Microb. Cell Fact."},{"key":"7016_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1081\/PFC-120035921","volume":"39","author":"IP Solyanikova","year":"2004","unstructured":"Solyanikova, I. P. & Golovleva, L. A. Bacterial degradation of chlorophenols: Pathways, biochemica, and genetic aspects. J. Environ. Sci. Health B 39, 333\u2013351 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci. Health B"},{"key":"7016_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2011.04.009","volume":"83","author":"AO Olaniran","year":"2011","unstructured":"Olaniran, A. O. & Igbinosa, E. O. Chlorophenols and other related derivatives of environmental concern: Properties, distribution and microbial degradation processes. Chemosphere 83, 1297\u20131306 (2011).","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"7016_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s11144-016-1039-0","volume":"119","author":"K Kusmierek","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kusmierek, K. The removal of chlorophenols from aqueous solutions using activated carbon adsorption integrated with H2O2 oxidation. Reac. Kinet. Mech. Cat. 119, 19\u201334 (2016).","journal-title":"Reac. Kinet. Mech. Cat."},{"key":"7016_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/460215","volume":"2013","author":"E Igbinosa","year":"2013","unstructured":"Igbinosa, E., Odjadjare, E., Vicent, N. & Ideemndia, O. Toxicological profile of chlorophenols and their derivatives in the environment: The public health perspective. Sci. World J. 2013, 11 (2013).","journal-title":"Sci. World J."},{"key":"7016_CR6","first-page":"81","volume":"5","author":"G Hossain","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hossain, G. & McLaughlan, R. Kinetic investigations of oxidation of chlorophenols by permanganate. J. Environ. Chem. Ecotoxicol 5, 81\u201389 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Environ. Chem. Ecotoxicol"},{"key":"7016_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2006.02.001","volume":"98","author":"D Ryan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ryan, D., Leukes, W. & Burton, S. Improving the bioremediation of phenolic wastewaters by Trametes versicolor. Bioresour. Technol 98, 579\u2013587 (2016).","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol"},{"key":"7016_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, L., Wu, Q. & Ma, A. Biodegradation of phenolic contaminants: Current status and perspectives. In International Conference on Advanced Environmental Engineering IOP Publishing. Series: Earth and Environmental Science. Vol 111, 012024 (2018).","DOI":"10.1088\/1755-1315\/111\/1\/012024"},{"issue":"36","key":"7016_CR9","first-page":"1749","volume":"24","author":"M Walter","year":"2004","unstructured":"Walter, M., Boul, L., Chong, R. & Ford, C. Growth substrate selection and biodegradation of PCP by New Zealand white-rot fungi. J. Environ. Qual. 24(36), 1749\u20131759 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Environ. Qual."},{"key":"7016_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1007\/s002530000459","volume":"54","author":"MD Cameron","year":"2000","unstructured":"Cameron, M. D., Timofeevski, S. & Aust, S. D. Enzymology of Phanerochaete chrysosporium with respect to the degradation of recalcitrant compounds and xenobiotics. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 54, 751\u2013758 (2000).","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"7016_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0038-0717(98)00106-0","volume":"31","author":"M Tuomela","year":"1999","unstructured":"Tuomela, M., Lyytikainen, M., Oivanena, P. & Hatakka, A. Mineralization and conversion of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in soil inoculated with the white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor. Soil Biol. Biochem. 31, 65\u201374 (1999).","journal-title":"Soil Biol. Biochem."},{"key":"7016_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/s11157-007-9124-5","volume":"7","author":"J Field","year":"2008","unstructured":"Field, J. & Sierra-Alvarez, R. Microbial degradation of chlorinated phenols. Rev. Environ. Sci. Biotechnol 7, 211\u2013241 (2008).","journal-title":"Rev. Environ. Sci. Biotechnol"},{"key":"7016_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1007\/s11157-014-9342-6","volume":"13","author":"L Bosso","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bosso, L. & Cristinzio, G. A. A comprehensive overview of bacteria and fungi used for pentachlorophenol biodegradation. Rev. Environ. Sci. Biotechnol 13, 387\u2013427 (2014).","journal-title":"Rev. Environ. Sci. Biotechnol"},{"key":"7016_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2007.10.016","volume":"155","author":"JA Field","year":"2008","unstructured":"Field, J. A. & Sierra-Alvarez, R. Microbial transformation and degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls. Environ. Pollut 155, 1\u201312 (2008).","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut"},{"key":"7016_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3317","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21093317","volume":"21","author":"E Nikolaivits","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nikolaivits, E. et al. Degradation mechanism of 2,4-dichlorophenol by fungi isolated from marine invertebrates. Int. J. Mol. Sci 21, 3317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms21093317 (2020).","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci"},{"key":"7016_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1139\/m72-007","volume":"18","author":"AJ Cser-jesi","year":"1972","unstructured":"Cser-jesi, A. J. & Johnson, E. Methylation of entachlorophenol by Trichoderma virgatum. Can. J. Microbiol. 18, 45\u201349 (1972).","journal-title":"Can. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"7016_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2256(1997)12:4<335::AID-TOX7>3.0.CO;2-9","volume":"12","author":"J van Leeuwen","year":"1997","unstructured":"van Leeuwen, J., Nicholson, B., Hayes, K. & Mulcahy, D. Degradation of chlorophenolic compounds by Trichoderma harzianum isolated from Lake Bonney, South-Eastern South Australia. Environ Toxicol. Water Qual. 12, 335\u2013342 (1997).","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol. Water Qual."},{"key":"7016_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1007\/s10295-009-0603-2","volume":"36","author":"MB Carvalho","year":"2009","unstructured":"Carvalho, M. B. et al. Screening pentachlorophenol degradation ability by environmental fungal strains belonging to the phyla\u00a0Ascomycota\u00a0and\u00a0Zygomycota. J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 36, 1249\u20131256 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"7016_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procbio.2009.11.009","volume":"45","author":"H Chakroun","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chakroun, H., Mechichi, T., Martinez, M. J., Dhouib, A. & Sayadi, S. Purification and characterization of a novel laccase from the ascomycete Trichoderma atroviride: Application on bioremediation of phenolic compounds \u202c. Process Biochem. 45, 507\u2013513 (2010).","journal-title":"Process Biochem."},{"issue":"1","key":"7016_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"01","DOI":"10.1590\/S1517-83822012000100001","volume":"43","author":"OM Abdel-Fatah","year":"2012","unstructured":"Abdel-Fatah, O. M. et al. Physiological studies on carboxymethyl cellulase formation by Aspergillus terreus DSM 826. Braz. J. Microbiol. 43(1), 01\u201311 (2012).","journal-title":"Braz. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"7016_CR21","first-page":"2","volume":"6","author":"P Sonika","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sonika, P. et al. Trichoderma species cellulases produced by solid state fermentation. J. Data Min. Genom. Proteom. 6, 2 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Data Min. Genom. Proteom."},{"key":"7016_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.btre.2017.12.006","volume":"17","author":"BA Al-Hawash","year":"2018","unstructured":"Al-Hawash, B. A. et al. Isolation and characterization of two crude oil-degrading fungi strains from Rumaila oil field. Iraq. Biotechnol. Rep 17, 104\u2013109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.btre.2017.12.006 (2018).","journal-title":"Iraq. Biotechnol. Rep"},{"key":"7016_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1590\/S1517-838246320140575","volume":"46","author":"G Zafra","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zafra, G., Absal\u00f3n, A. E. & Cortes-Espinosa, D. V. Morphological changes and growth of filamentous fungi in the presence of high concentrations of PAHs. Braz. J. Microbiol 46, 937\u2013941. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/S1517-838246320140575 (2015).","journal-title":"Braz. J. Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"7016_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2614","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.65.6.2614-2621.1999","volume":"65","author":"E Smit","year":"1999","unstructured":"Smit, E., Leeflang, P., Glandorf, B., van Elsas, J. D. & Wernars, K. Analysis of fungal diversity in the wheat rhizosphere by sequencing of cloned PCR-amplified genes encoding 18S rRNA and temperature gradient gel electrophoresis. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65(6), 2614\u20132621 (1999).","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"7016_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"White, T. J. Analysis of phylogenetic relationships by amplification and direct sequencing of ribosomal genes. In PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications 315\u201322 (1990).","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-372180-8.50042-1"},{"key":"7016_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02936597","volume":"5","author":"WR Ryu","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ryu, W. R. et al. Biodegradation of white rot fungi under ligninolytic and nonligninolytic conditions. Biotechnol Bioproc. E 5, 211\u2013214 (2000).","journal-title":"Biotechnol Bioproc. E"},{"key":"7016_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1021\/ac60111a017","volume":"28","author":"K Dubois","year":"1956","unstructured":"Dubois, K., Gilles, J., Hamilton, P., Rebers, A. & Smith, F. Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Anal. Chem. 28, 350\u2013356 (1956).","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"W1","key":"7016_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"W293","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkab301","volume":"49","author":"I Letunic","year":"2021","unstructured":"Letunic, I. & Bork, P. Interactive Tree Of Life (iTOL) v5: An online tool for phylogenetic tree display and annotation. Nucleic Acids Res. 49(W1), W293\u2013W296. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkab301 (2021).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"7016_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msw054","volume":"33","author":"S Kumar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kumar, S., Stecher, G. & Tamura, K. MEGA7: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets. Mol. Biol. Evol. 33(7), 1870\u20131874 (2016).","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"7016_CR30","unstructured":"Statistical Packages for Software Sciences.\u00a0Version 21.0 Armonk (New York: IBM Corporation, 2013)."},{"key":"7016_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2008.09.003","volume":"90","author":"S-H Lin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lin, S.-H. & Juang, R.-S. Adsorption of phenol and its derivatives from water using synthetic resins and low-cost natural adsorbents: A review. J. Environ. Manage 90, 1336\u20131349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jenvman.2008.09.003 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manage"},{"key":"7016_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1002\/jctb.2120","volume":"84","author":"SN Kumar","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kumar, S. N., Subbaiah, V. M., Reddy, S. A. & Krishnaiah, A. Biosorption of phenolic compounds from aqueous solutions onto chitosan-abrus precatorius blended beads. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol 84, 972\u2013981. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jctb.2120 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol"},{"key":"7016_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.1016\/S00456535(00)00090-4","volume":"41","author":"CC Wang","year":"2000","unstructured":"Wang, C. C., Lee, C. M., Lu, C. J., Chuang, M. S. & Huang, C. Z. Biodegradation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol in the presence of primary substrate by immobilized pure culture bacteria. Chemosphere 41, 1873\u20131879. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S00456535(00)00090-4 (2000).","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"7016_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2009.09.002","volume":"28","author":"VN Kavamura","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kavamura, V. N. & Esposito, E. Biotechnological strategies applied to the decontamination of soils polluted with heavy metals. Biotechnol. Adv 28, 61\u201369 (2010).","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Adv"},{"key":"7016_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/1735-2746-9-26","volume":"9","author":"F Mohsenzade","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mohsenzade, F., Chehregani, A. & Akbari, M. Evaluation of oil removal efficiency and enzymatic activity in some fungal strains for bioremediation of petroleum-polluted soils. Iran J. Environ. Health. Eng 9, 26\u201334 (2012).","journal-title":"Iran J. Environ. Health. Eng"},{"key":"7016_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.3390\/md17100564","volume":"17","author":"E Nikolaivits","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nikolaivits, E. et al. Unraveling the detoxification mechanism of 2,4-dichlorophenol by marine-derived mesophotic symbiotic fungi isolated from marine invertebrates. Mar. Drugs. 17, 564. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/md17100564 (2019).","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs."},{"key":"7016_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Scientific opinion on risk assessment for a selected group of pesticides from the triazole group to test possible methodologies to assess cumulative effects from exposure through food from these pesticides on human health. EFSA J. 7, 1167. https:\/\/www.efsa.europa.eu\/en\/efsajournal\/pub\/1167 (2009).","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2009.1167"},{"key":"7016_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2010.02.042","volume":"20","author":"Y Brotman","year":"2010","unstructured":"Brotman, Y., Kapuganti, J. G. & Viterbo, A. Trichoderma. Curr. Biol. 20, R390\u2013R439 (2010).","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"7016_CR39","first-page":"408","volume":"2","author":"NA Boroujeni","year":"2014","unstructured":"Boroujeni, N. A., Hassanshahian, M., Mohammad, S. & Khoshrou, R. Isolation and characterization of phenol degrading bacteria from Persian Gulf. IJABBR 2, 408\u2013416 (2014).","journal-title":"IJABBR"},{"key":"7016_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2003.11.004","volume":"70","author":"N Roostaei","year":"2004","unstructured":"Roostaei, N. & Tezel, F. H. Removal of phenol from aqueous solutions by adsorption. J. Environ. Manage 70, 157\u2013164. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jenvman.2003.11.004 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manage"},{"key":"7016_CR41","first-page":"205","volume":"8","author":"K Demnerova","year":"2005","unstructured":"Demnerova, K. et al. Two approaches to biological decontamination of groundwater and soil polluted by aromatics-characterization of microbial populations. Int. Microbiol 8, 205\u2013211 (2005).","journal-title":"Int. Microbiol"},{"key":"7016_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-146-2-405","volume":"146","author":"GVB Reddy","year":"2000","unstructured":"Reddy, G. V. B. & Gold, M. H. Degradation of pentachlorophenol by Phanerochaete chrysosporium: Intermediates and reactions involved. Microbiology 146, 405\u2013413 (2000).","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"7016_CR43","first-page":"75","volume":"12","author":"DV Cort\u00e9s","year":"2001","unstructured":"Cort\u00e9s, D. V., Bernal, R. & Tomasini, A. Efecto de las condiciones de cultivo sumergido en la degradaci\u00f3n de pentaclorofenol. Informaci\u00f3n Tecnol\u00f3gica 12, 75\u201380 (2001).","journal-title":"Informaci\u00f3n Tecnol\u00f3gica"},{"key":"7016_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1007\/s10532-006-9090-6","volume":"18","author":"RL Crawford","year":"2007","unstructured":"Crawford, R. L., Jung, C. M. & Strap, J. L. The recent evolution of pentachlorophenol (PCP)-4-monooxygenase (PcpB) and associated pathways for bacterial degradation of PCP. Biodegradation 18, 525\u2013539 (2007).","journal-title":"Biodegradation"},{"key":"7016_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2004.11.011","volume":"59","author":"P Bergauer","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bergauer, P., Fonteyne, P. A., Nolard, N., Schinner, F. & Margesin, R. Biodegradation of phenol and phenol-related compounds by psychrophilic and cold-tolerant alpine yeasts. Hemosphere 59, 909\u2013918 (2005).","journal-title":"Hemosphere"},{"key":"7016_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.10.064","volume":"576","author":"E Bovio","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bovio, E. et al. The culturable mycobiota of a Mediterranean marine site after an oil spill: Isolation, identification and potential application in bioremediation. Sci. Total Environ. 576, 310\u2013318 (2017).","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-022-07016-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-022-07016-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-022-07016-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T23:02:16Z","timestamp":1669330936000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-022-07016-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["7016"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-07016-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 July 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 February 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 February 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"2940"}}